5 LE Pelvic Viscera (Reproductive System) Flashcards
rectum
end of digestive system
- begins S3
- ends @ tip of coccyx
- becomes anal canal below pelvic diaphragm
- blood supply: rectal artery
distal urinary system
ureters
urinary bladder
urethra
ureters
connects kidneys to urinary bladder
urinary bladder
holds urine b4 urination
- detrucer muscle
- blood supply: vesical arteries
- N: SNS (L1-L2) + PNS (S2-S4)
**adult bladder holds up to 1 liter of urine
**important for bladder control in spinal cord injury
location of urinary bladder in children (
completely in abdomen
location of urinary bladder in adults (empty)
in pelvis
location of urinary bladder in adults (full)
rises in greater pelvis + hypogastric region
female urethra
btwn clitoris + vagina
- 4cm long
male urethra
neck of bladder to external urethral orifice
- 18-22cm long
- parts: prostatic, membranous, spongy
scrotum
sac that encloses the testes
- “hangs” from the spermatic cord
- FCN: keeps tests @ 35˚ C (body T = 37˚ C)
spermatic cord
passes through inguinal canal to testes
scrotum contains
ductus defereus testicular artery lymphatic vessels dartos + cremaster muscle pampiniform venous plexus
cremaster y dartos muscles
contract when cold
relax when warm
**testes closer to or farther from body
pampiniform plexus
counteract heat exchanger so that blood to testes is 35˚ C
creation + passage of sperm
(1) testes - male gonads
(2) seminiferous tubules
(3) rete testis
(4) efferent ductules
(5) epididymis
(6) ductus (vas) deferens
male gonads
product sperm y testerone
- located in testes
vasectomy
cut ductus (vas) deferens
- severed + tied
- reversible but increases success if
cell types in testes
Leydig (interstitial) cells
Sertoli cells
descent of testes
from internal abdominal oblique to cremaster muscle
- gubernaculum
gubernaculum
tough cord that anchors testes in scrotal sac
**equivalent to (female) round ligament of uterus
seminal vesicles (2)
(male accessory structure) posterior to bladder
- oriented obliquely to prostrate
- joins ductus deferens to form ejaculatory duct
prostate
(male accessory structure) largest accessory gland
- btwn bladder neck + deep transverse perineal muscle
- size of walnut
- surrounds prostatic urethra
bulborethral (Cowper’s) glands
male accessory structure
penis
copulatory organ
- outlet for urine + semen
- blood supply: internal iliac artery (branches)
- N: pudendal nerve
erectile tissues of the penis (3)
corpus spongiosum (1) corpus cavernosa (2)
parts of the penis
root
bulb
shaft
glans
female external genitalia
mons pubs labia majora labia minora clitoris vaginal orifice vestibular bulbs vestibular glands paraurethral glands
female internal genitalia
ovaries
uterine tubes
uterus
vagina
**enclosed in pelvic cavity
ovary
- size of almond
- female gonads (produce eggs/estrogen/progesterone)
- blood supply: ovarian artery
ovarian ligaments (3)
- suspensory ligament of ovary
- broad ligament of uterus (mesovarium)
- ligament of ovary
suspensory ligament of ovary
connects ovary to pelvic wall
- contains VAN
broad ligament of uterus (mesovarium)
connects ovary to uterus + uterine tube
ligament of ovary
connects ovary to uterus
uterine tubes (2)
fallopian tubes
- 10cm long
- upper border of broad ligament
- 4 parts
- blood supply: ovarian + uterine artery
uterine tube parts (4)
infundibulum (fibibriae)
ampulla
isthmus
uterine
most common fertilization cite
junction btwn ampulla + isthmus b/c very narrow
uterus
womb
- (empty) walnut
- (full term) watermelon
- 3 parts
- 3 layers
- blood supply: uterine supply
parts of the uterus
fundus (cap)
body
cervix (neck)
layers of the uterus
perimetrium
myometrium (muscle)
endometrium (sheds during menstrual cycle)
uterus support (3)
levator ani muscle
broad ligament
round ligament
round ligament
anchors uterus into labia majora
- homolog of (male) gubernaculum
vagina
copulatory organ
- distal portion of birth canal
- upper 1/2 = above pelvic floor
- greater/lesser vestibular glands
- blood supply: vaginal artery
greater + lesser vestibular glands
(vagina) secrete lubricating mucus
