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ANP402 > 3 Abdominal Cavity I > Flashcards

3 Abdominal Cavity I Flashcards

1
Q

peritoneum layers

A

parietal peritoneum

visceral peritoneum

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2
Q

peritoneal cavity

A

potential space

  • peritoneal fluid
  • closed in males
  • pathway to outside via reproductive system in females (uterine tubes)

**not all organs in peritoneum

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3
Q

parietal peritoneum

A

via regional SOMATIC fibers
- well localized (direct pain)

sensitive to: pain, temperature, touch pressure (skin/external stimuli)

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4
Q

parietal peritoneum sensitive to:

A

(skin/external stimuli)

pain
temperature
touch pressure

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5
Q

visceral peritoneum

A

via AUTONOMIC fibers
- poorly localized (referred pain)

sensitive to: stretch + chemical irritation

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6
Q

visceral peritoneum sensitive to:

A

stretch

chemical irritation

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7
Q

peritoneum organs

A

intraperitoneal organs
retroperitoneal organs
subperitoneal organs

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8
Q

intraperitoneal organs

A

organs that are completely covered w/ visceral peritoneum

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9
Q

retroperitoneal organs

A

organs that are external to parietal peritoneum
- partially covered

(ie) kidney

**retro = behind

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10
Q

subperitoneal organs

A

organs that are external to parietal peritoneum
- partially covered

(ie) bladder

**sub = below

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11
Q

peritoneal formations

A

mesentary

omenta

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12
Q

mesentary

A

a double layer of peritoneum

  • flap-like
  • occurs as result of invagination of peritoneum by an organ
  • connects an intraperitoneal organ w/ body wall (V.A.N.)
  • sets pathway for vasculature

(ie) mesentary of small intestine
(ie) transverse mesocolon

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13
Q

omenta

A

a double, two-layered folds of peritoneum (2 sheets, 4 layers)

  • create secondary sac
  • mostly fat
  • contains vessels and nerves
  • travel from stomach/duodenum to adjacent organs

(ie) greater and lesser omentum

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14
Q

greater omentum

A

a four-layered apron that hangs from stomach/duodenum
- folds back to attach to transverse colon and transverse mesocolon

LEFT side

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15
Q

greater omentum FCN

A

(1) cushion
(2) insulation
(3) keep organs in proper orientation
(4) isolate infections via lymph

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16
Q

greater omentum ligaments

A

(1) gastrophrenic ligament
(2) gastrosplenic ligament
(3) gastrocolic ligament

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17
Q

lesser omentum

A

anchors stomach to liver and portal triad

- contains portal triad

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18
Q

lesser omentum ligaments

A

(1) gastrohepatic ligament

(2) heptoduodenal ligament

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19
Q

portal triad

A

made up of:

(1) hepatic portal vein
(2) hepatic artery
(3) common bile duct

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20
Q

parts of peritoneal fluid (peritoneal cavity)

A

supracolic compartments
infracolic compartments
L/R paracolic gutters

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21
Q

infracolic compartments includes

A

right paracolic gutter
right infracolic space
left infracolic space
left paracolic gutter

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22
Q

peritoneal fluid

A

lymphatics of diaphragm that reabsorb fluid

  • subphrenic recess
  • hepatonrenal recess
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23
Q

clinical application of peritoneal fluid

A

subphrenic recess, hepatorenal recess, and paracolic gutters make it easier for infections and cancer to spread

  • most problems on right side
  • causes perforated duodenal ulcers y appendicitis
24
Q

ascites

A

abnormal build up of serous fluid in abdomen

- symptoms: swelling and distending of abdomen

25
Q

causes of ascites

A 
heart failure
mechanical injury
peritonitis infection
portal hypertension
starvation (lack of protein)
cirrhosis (liver problems)
26
Q

paired major abdominal arteries

A

L/R inferior phrenic artery
L/R renal artery
L/R gonadal artery
L/R lumbar artery

GIRLs got to the bathroom in PAIRS

27
Q

unpaired major abdominal arteries

A

celiac artery
superior mesenteric artery
inferior mesenteric artery
median sacral artery

28
Q

celiac artery branches

A

**branches at T12

(1) left gastric artery
(2) splenic artery
(3) common hepatic artery

29
Q

celiac artery supplies

A 
esophagus
stomach
liver
duodenum
gall bladder
spleen 
pancreas

Every Student Likes Doing Grad School Papers

30
Q

superior mesenteric artery supplies

A 
small intestine
secum
appendix
transverse colon
ascending colon

superior mesenteric artery = S (i) S A T A

31
Q

superior mesenteric artery branches

A 
inferior pancreaticoduodenal
middle colic 
right colic
iliocolic
jejunal/ilial

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32
Q

inferior mesenteric artery supplies

A 
transverse colon
descending colon
sigmoid colon
rectum
upper 1/2 anal canal

Today Dr. Sanchez Rapes Us

33
Q

inferior mesenteric branches

A

left colic
sigmoid
superior rectal

Lupe Can’t Sample Sweets Regularly (chocolate chin)

34
Q

medial sacral artery supplies

A

sacrum

35
Q

artery

A

collacteral circulatory routes

  • ensures adequate blood flow to distal areas
  • provides alternative pathways for blood flow during restrictive movements
36
Q

artery subtypes

A

arterial arcades (loops)
marginal artery
arteriae rectae

37
Q

arterial arcades (loops)

A

anastomotic loops
between adjacent branches
collectively top of loops are marginal arteries

38
Q

marginal artery

A

parallels colon

- connected to arteriae rectae

39
Q

arteriae rectae

A

around and w/in gut tube

  • does not communicate w/ each other
  • connected to marginal artery
40
Q

major abdominal veins

A

inferior vena cava
azygos system
hepatic portal system

41
Q

inferior vena cava

A

union of two common iliac veins

- other tributaries (naming similar to arterial)

42
Q

portal system

A

two capillary beds in connection consecutively before turning to heart
- needed for cleaning out fluids (liver) from GI tract before entering azygos

43
Q

hepatic portal system

A

union of:

splenic vein + superior mesentary vein

44
Q

purpose of hepatic portal system

A

(1) modify nutrient concentration and metabolism in blood

(2) remove bacteria, toxins, drugs

45
Q

clinical application of hepatic portal system

A

drug power and necessary dosage depends on whether drugs goes to liver or not
- goes through liver, need larger dose

46
Q

portal hypertension

A

results from increased venous pressure in system

  • obstruction of portal vein
  • obstruction of liver (tumor, cirrhosis)
47
Q

portal hypertension can lead to

A

varicose veins (stomach to colon)
hemorrhoids (anus)
ascites
internal bleeding

48
Q

sympathetic nervous system of abdominal organs

A

SNS decreases peristalsis and causes vasoconstriction

  • abdominal sympathetic ganglia (paravertebral) (T5 - L3)
  • splanchnic nerves (greater, lesser, least and lumbar)
  • prevertebral (collateral) ganglia
49
Q

types of prevertebral (collateral) ganglia

A

(1) coliac
(2) aorticorenal
(3) superior mesentary
(4) inferior mesentary

prevertebral ganglia CASI (like)

50
Q

parasympathetic nervous system

A

CNX vagus nerve

pelvic splanchnic nerves

51
Q

CNX vagus nerve supplies

A

esophagus to transverse colon

*including accessory organs along the way

52
Q

pelvic splanchnic nerves supply

A

descending colon to rectum

53
Q

lymphatic drainage

A

characterized by a series of nodes associated with the abdominal aorta
- cisternal chyli

54
Q

cisterna chyli

A

elongated sac that pools from abdomen and lower extremities

  • becomes thoracic duct (into left)
  • location: right side of aorta @ L1
55
Q

spleen

A

largest solid lymphatic organ

  • location: left hypochondrium @ 10th rib
  • arterial supply: splenic artery
  • venous drainage: splenic vein
56
Q

FCN of spleen

A

(1) lymphopoieisis - make lymph
(2) filter y destroy aged RBC
(3) store RBC y platelets

57
Q

clinical application of spleen

A

humans can live without a spleen

- the liver and bone marrow will take over spleen job

ANP402 (19 decks)

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