5. Diversity, Human Needs, & Development

Question 1

complete state of physical, mental, and social well-being, and not merely the absence of disease or infirmity

Answer 1

health

Question 2

5 types of wellness

Answer 2

• physical
• emotional
• social
• intellectual
• spiritual

Question 3

accepted traditional customs of a particular social group

Answer 3

mores

Question 4

What are 4 types of psychosocial needs? [STAR]

Answer 4

• social contact
• emotions
• thoughts
• spirituality

Question 5

What are the 5 levels of Maslow’s Hierarchy of Needs? [STAR]

Answer 5

• physical needs (must be met to survive)
• safety and security
• need for love
• need for self-esteem
• need for self-actualization

Question 6

Name 5 basic physical needs [STAR]

Answer 6

• oxygen
• food
• water
• elimination
• rest

Question 7

How can a CNA help residents improve their self-esteem?

Answer 7

encourage residents to be as independent as possible

Question 8

a method of learning about each individual’s views and behaviors and applying that knowledge to health care

Answer 8

cultural competence

Question 9

What staff is more at risk of having inappropriate relationships w/ residents?

Answer 9

staff who are overworked, have poor relationships at home, or who are prone to substance abuse

Question 10

T/F - If a resident’s family member wants to know about the resident’s dx, tx, and therapies, the CNA can tell them [STAR]

Answer 10

False - those questions should be referred to the nurse

Question 11

the Five pillars of this religion includes reciting the profession of faith, ritual prayer 5x daily, fasting during the month of Ramadan, pilgrimage to Mecca, and donations to the poor and needy

Answer 11

Islam

Question 12

believe that they do not know or cannot know if God exists

Answer 12

Agnosticism

Question 13

believe that a person can reach Nirvana, the highest spiritual plane, after traveling through birth, life, and death

Answer 13

Buddhism

Question 14

baptism and communion may be part of this religion’s practice

Answer 14

Christianity

Question 15

believe that how a person moves toward enlightenment is determines by karma (result of actions in this life and past lives that can determine one’s destiny in future lives)

Answer 15

Hinduism

Question 16

believe that God gave them laws and commandments through Moses in the form of the Torah

Answer 16

Judaism

Question 17

actively deny the existence of any deity

Answer 17

Atheism

Question 18

process of changing genders; can include legal procedures, such as changing one’s name and/or sex on documents, and medical measures such as hormone therapy and surgery

Answer 18

Transition

Question 19

a person who abstains from sexual activity

Answer 19

Celibate

Question 20

a person whose physical, emotional, and/or romantic attraction is for people of the same sex

Answer 20

Gay

Question 21

typically a heterosexual man who sometimes wears clothing and other items associated with women

Answer 21

Cross-dresser

Question 22

a person whose gender identify conflicts with his/her birth sex

Answer 22

Transgender

Question 23

a person whose physical, emotional, and/or romantic attraction is for people of the same gender or another gender

Answer 23

Bisexual

Question 24

LGBTQIA

Answer 24

lesbian, gay, bisexual, transgender, queer, intersex, and ally

Question 25

a woman whose physical, emotional, and/or romantic attraction is for other women

Answer 25

Lesbian

Question 26

a person who does not experience sexual attraction toward any gender

Answer 26

Asexual

Question 27

Name 6 types of development

Answer 27

- cognitive development - language development - moral development - motor development - physical development - sexual development

Question 28

T/F - physical development in infancy moves from the head down

Answer 28

True

Question 29

age group that can move quickly, run, and jump; have improvements in speech, gain coordination of limbs, and learn to control their bladders and bowels

Answer 29

Toddler

Question 30

age group that become more independent and have social relationships along with becoming more physically coordinated and develop a sense of imagination

Answer 30

Preschool

Question 31

age group that begin to develop a conscience, morals, and self-esteem

Answer 31

School-age

Question 32

age group that begins to develop life more realistically, use reason to analyze situations, and may begin to question authority

Answer 32

Preadolescence

Question 33

What secondary sex characteristics develop in males and females?

Answer 33

- males: body hair growth, growth in testes/penis, broadening shoulders, and deepening voice - females: body hair growth, development of breasts and hips, and menarche

Question 34

What 3 things are adolescents striving for?

Answer 34

acceptance, independence, and identity

Question 35

in which age group do people usually become more comfortable and stable

Answer 35

Middle adulthood

Question 36

biased generalization about a group

Answer 36

stereotype

Question 37

stereotyping of, prejudice toward, and/or discrimination against the elderly [STAR]

Answer 37

agism

Question 38

type of disability that causes difficulty with social skills, conceptual skills, and practical skills (ADLs) [STAR]

Answer 38

intellectual disability

Question 39

What are the 4 degrees of intellectual disability?

Answer 39

mild, moderate, severe, and profound

Question 40

developmental disability that affects movement and balance as well as causing intellectual disabilities [STAR]

Answer 40

Cerebral palsy (CP)

Question 41

What causes CP?

Answer 41

brain damage while in the uterus or during birth (caused by birth trauma, infection, or a head injury)

Question 42

What is the most common form of CP? [STAR]

Answer 42

spastic

Question 43

type of CP that involves cerebellar damage; characterized by shaky movements and affects balance and sense of positioning in space

Answer 43

ataxic CP

Question 44

most common form of CP; characterized by stiff/tight muscles and awkward movements

Answer 44

spastic CP

Question 45

CP characterized by involuntary movements

Answer 45

athetoid/dyskinetic CP

Question 46

developmental disability that causes problems with social skills and communication [STAR]

Answer 46

autism spectrum disorder (ASD)

Question 47

What types of behaviors do people with ASD exhibit? [STAR]

Answer 47

- repetitive behaviors and overly focused interests

Question 48

T/F - people with ASD may become extremely upset by changes in routine

Answer 48

True

Question 49

an intellectual disability that causes cognitive, social, emotional, speech, and language problems; usually more mild in females than males

Answer 49

fragile X syndrome (FXS)

Question 50

Describe each of the following types of families: nuclear, single-parent, married/committed couples, extended families, and blended families [STAR]

Answer 50

- nuclear family: 2 parents and 1 or more children - single-parent family: one parent and one or more children - married/committed couples: couples of same/opposite sex with or without children - extended family: parents, children, grandparents, aunts, uncles, cousins, other relatives, and even friends - blended family: divorced or widowed parents who have remarried and have children from previous relationships and/or the current marriage

Question 51

centers around the thoughts of a spiritual aspect of life and nature beyond worldly things; may be associated with inner peace and well-being; may refer to a person's beliefs about the overall meaning or purpose of life [STAR]

Answer 51

Spirituality

Question 52

What are some common stereotypes of the elderly?

Answer 52

- can't remember things - totally dependent on others - don't have an active sex life - don't like to leave home - they are grumpy/grouchy - can't manage money - less intelligent - have no friends or interests

Question 53

How should you treat adults regardless of their intellectual disabilities?

Answer 53

as adults