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CNA > 5. Diversity, Human Needs, & Development > Flashcards

5. Diversity, Human Needs, & Development Flashcards

1
Q

complete state of physical, mental, and social well-being, and not merely the absence of disease or infirmity

A

health

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2
Q

5 types of wellness

A
  • physical
  • emotional
  • social
  • intellectual
  • spiritual
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3
Q

accepted traditional customs of a particular social group

A

mores

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4
Q

What are 4 types of psychosocial needs? [STAR]

A
  • social contact
  • emotions
  • thoughts
  • spirituality
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5
Q

What are the 5 levels of Maslow’s Hierarchy of Needs? [STAR]

A
  • physical needs (must be met to survive)
  • safety and security
  • need for love
  • need for self-esteem
  • need for self-actualization
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6
Q

Name 5 basic physical needs [STAR]

A
  • oxygen
  • food
  • water
  • elimination
  • rest
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7
Q

How can a CNA help residents improve their self-esteem?

A

encourage residents to be as independent as possible

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8
Q

a method of learning about each individual’s views and behaviors and applying that knowledge to health care

A

cultural competence

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9
Q

What staff is more at risk of having inappropriate relationships w/ residents?

A

staff who are overworked, have poor relationships at home, or who are prone to substance abuse

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10
Q

T/F - If a resident’s family member wants to know about the resident’s dx, tx, and therapies, the CNA can tell them [STAR]

A

False - those questions should be referred to the nurse

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11
Q

the Five pillars of this religion includes reciting the profession of faith, ritual prayer 5x daily, fasting during the month of Ramadan, pilgrimage to Mecca, and donations to the poor and needy

A

Islam

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12
Q

believe that they do not know or cannot know if God exists

A

Agnosticism

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13
Q

believe that a person can reach Nirvana, the highest spiritual plane, after traveling through birth, life, and death

A

Buddhism

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14
Q

baptism and communion may be part of this religion’s practice

A

Christianity

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15
Q

believe that how a person moves toward enlightenment is determines by karma (result of actions in this life and past lives that can determine one’s destiny in future lives)

A

Hinduism

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16
Q

believe that God gave them laws and commandments through Moses in the form of the Torah

A

Judaism

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17
Q

actively deny the existence of any deity

A

Atheism

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18
Q

process of changing genders; can include legal procedures, such as changing one’s name and/or sex on documents, and medical measures such as hormone therapy and surgery

A

Transition

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19
Q

a person who abstains from sexual activity

A

Celibate

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20
Q

a person whose physical, emotional, and/or romantic attraction is for people of the same sex

A

Gay

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21
Q

typically a heterosexual man who sometimes wears clothing and other items associated with women

A

Cross-dresser

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22
Q

a person whose gender identify conflicts with his/her birth sex

A

Transgender

23
Q

a person whose physical, emotional, and/or romantic attraction is for people of the same gender or another gender

A

Bisexual

24
Q

LGBTQIA

A

lesbian, gay, bisexual, transgender, queer, intersex, and ally

25
Q

a woman whose physical, emotional, and/or romantic attraction is for other women

A

Lesbian

26
Q

a person who does not experience sexual attraction toward any gender

A

Asexual

27
Q

Name 6 types of development

A
  • cognitive development
  • language development
  • moral development
  • motor development
  • physical development
  • sexual development
28
Q

T/F - physical development in infancy moves from the head down

A

True

29
Q

age group that can move quickly, run, and jump; have improvements in speech, gain coordination of limbs, and learn to control their bladders and bowels

A

Toddler

30
Q

age group that become more independent and have social relationships along with becoming more physically coordinated and develop a sense of imagination

A

Preschool

31
Q

age group that begin to develop a conscience, morals, and self-esteem

A

School-age

32
Q

age group that begins to develop life more realistically, use reason to analyze situations, and may begin to question authority

A

Preadolescence

33
Q

What secondary sex characteristics develop in males and females?

A
  • males: body hair growth, growth in testes/penis, broadening shoulders, and deepening voice
  • females: body hair growth, development of breasts and hips, and menarche
34
Q

What 3 things are adolescents striving for?

A

acceptance, independence, and identity

35
Q

in which age group do people usually become more comfortable and stable

A

Middle adulthood

36
Q

biased generalization about a group

A

stereotype

37
Q

stereotyping of, prejudice toward, and/or discrimination against the elderly [STAR]

A

agism

38
Q

type of disability that causes difficulty with social skills, conceptual skills, and practical skills (ADLs) [STAR]

A

intellectual disability

39
Q

What are the 4 degrees of intellectual disability?

A

mild, moderate, severe, and profound

40
Q

developmental disability that affects movement and balance as well as causing intellectual disabilities [STAR]

A

Cerebral palsy (CP)

41
Q

What causes CP?

A

brain damage while in the uterus or during birth (caused by birth trauma, infection, or a head injury)

42
Q

What is the most common form of CP? [STAR]

A

spastic

43
Q

type of CP that involves cerebellar damage; characterized by shaky movements and affects balance and sense of positioning in space

A

ataxic CP

44
Q

most common form of CP; characterized by stiff/tight muscles and awkward movements

A

spastic CP

45
Q

CP characterized by involuntary movements

A

athetoid/dyskinetic CP

46
Q

developmental disability that causes problems with social skills and communication [STAR]

A

autism spectrum disorder (ASD)

47
Q

What types of behaviors do people with ASD exhibit? [STAR]

A
  • repetitive behaviors and overly focused interests
48
Q

T/F - people with ASD may become extremely upset by changes in routine

A

True

49
Q

an intellectual disability that causes cognitive, social, emotional, speech, and language problems; usually more mild in females than males

A

fragile X syndrome (FXS)

50
Q

Describe each of the following types of families: nuclear, single-parent, married/committed couples, extended families, and blended families [STAR]

A
  • nuclear family: 2 parents and 1 or more children
  • single-parent family: one parent and one or more children
  • married/committed couples: couples of same/opposite sex with or without children
  • extended family: parents, children, grandparents, aunts, uncles, cousins, other relatives, and even friends
  • blended family: divorced or widowed parents who have remarried and have children from previous relationships and/or the current marriage
51
Q

centers around the thoughts of a spiritual aspect of life and nature beyond worldly things; may be associated with inner peace and well-being; may refer to a person’s beliefs about the overall meaning or purpose of life [STAR]

A

Spirituality

52
Q

What are some common stereotypes of the elderly?

A
  • can’t remember things
  • totally dependent on others
  • don’t have an active sex life
  • don’t like to leave home
  • they are grumpy/grouchy
  • can’t manage money
  • less intelligent
  • have no friends or interests
53
Q

How should you treat adults regardless of their intellectual disabilities?

A

as adults

CNA (17 decks)

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