5 (BARRON): States of Consciousness

Question 0

DUALISTS believe…

Answer 0

• HUMANS (and the UNIVERSE in general) consist of TWO MATERIALS: THOUGHT and MATTER

Question 1

COMPETING PHILOSOPHICAL THEORIES of CONSCIOUSNESS (2)

Answer 1

• DUALISM

- MONISM

Question 2

DUALISTS BELIEVE in … … Some even maintain that THOUGHT is … and continues existing after the … and … DIE

Answer 2

• FREE WIL
• ETERNAL
• BRAIN
• BODY

Question 3

….. believe EVERYTHING is the SAME SUBSTANCE. THOUGHT is a … … of …. … and STOPS … when the BODY DIES.

Answer 3

• MONISTS
• BY-PRODUCT
• BRAIN PROCESSES
• EXISTING

Question 4

PYSCHOLOGISTS define CONSCIOUSNESS as our LEVEL of …. about … and our …

Answer 4

• AWARENESS
• OURSELVES
• ENVIRONMENT

Question 5

CONCEPTS that DESCRIBE LEVELS of CONSCIOUSNESS (3)

Answer 5

• MERE-EXPOSURE EFFECT
• PRIMING
• BLIND SIGHT

Question 6

“occurs when we PREFER … we have … … over NOVEL .., even if we do not … … seeing the old stimuli.

Answer 6

• MERE EXPOSURE EFFECT
• STIMULI
• SEEN BEFORE
• CONSCIOUSLY REMEMBER

Question 7

“research participants respond more … and/or … to QUESTIONS they have … …, even if they do not … seeing them.”

Answer 7

• PRIMING
• QUICKLY
• ACCURATELY
• SEEN BEFORE
• REMEMBER

Question 8

“Some people who report to be … can accurately describe the … of a … … or accurately … objects they say they … …”

Answer 8

• BLINDSIGHT
• BLIND
• PATH
• MOVING OBJECT
• GRASP
• CANNOT SEE

Question 9

LEVELS of CONSCIOUSNESS (5)

Answer 9

• CONSCIOUS LEVEL
• NONCONSCIOUS LEVEL
• PRECONSCIOUS LEVEL
• SUBCONSCIOUS LEVEL
• UNCONSCIOUS LEVEL

Question 10

“Recalling a favorite toy as a child.”

Answer 10

• PRECONSCIOUS LEVEL

Question 11

“Level of consciousness that controls heartbeat, respiration, digestion and so on…”

Answer 11

• NONCONSCIOUS LEVEL

Question 12

“PRIMING and MERE-EXPOSURE EFFECT come from…”

Answer 12

• SUBCONSCIOUS LEVEL

Question 13

“…. analysts believe some EVENTS and FEELINGS are … to our conscious mind and are REPRESSED into the … mind”

Answer 13

• PSYCHOANALYTIC
• UNACCEPTABLE
• UNCONSCIOUS

Question 14

“The period when we fall asleep. The stage between … and …”

Answer 14

• SLEEP ONSET
• WAKEFULNESS
• SLEEP

Question 15

“Our brain produces … when we are DROWSY but AWAKE.”

Answer 15

• ALPHA WAVES

Question 16

REM stands for…

Answer 16

• RAPID EYE MOVEMENT

Question 17

REM SLEEP is sometimes called … … since our brain waves appear as … and … as they do when we are AWAKE

Answer 17

• PARADOXICAL
• ACTIVE
• INTENSE

Question 18

Stages 3 and 4 is sometimes called … …

Answer 18

• DELTA SLEEP

Question 19

DELTA SLEEP seems to be very important in … the body’s … …, releasing … … in children, and … our … …

Answer 19

• REPLENISHING
• CHEMICAL SUPPLIES
• GROWTH HORMONES
• FORTIFYING
• IMMUNE SYSTEM

Question 20

SLEEP DISORDERS (5)

Answer 20

• INSOMNIA
• NARCOLEPSY
• SLEEP APNEA
• NIGHT TERRORS
• SOMNAMBULISM

Question 21

… suffer from periods of INTENSE SLEEPINESS and may fall asleep at UNPREDICTABLE and INAPPROPRIATE times. They may fall into REM sleep regardless of what they are doing.

Answer 21

• NARCOLEPTICS

Question 22

… causes a person to stop breathing for short periods of time during the night

Answer 22

• APNEA

Question 23

DREAM THEORIES (3)

Answer 23

• FREUDIAN THEORY
• ACTIVATION-SYNTHESIS THEORY
• INFORMATION-PROCESSING THEORY

Question 24

... ... is the LITERAL content of our DREAMS.

Answer 24

- MANIFEST CONTENT

Question 25

"Unconscious meaning of the MANIFEST CONTENT."

Answer 25

- LATENT CONTENT

Question 26

This theory proposes that perhaps dreams are nothing more than the brains interpretations of what is happening PHYSIOLOGICALLY during REM SLEEP.

Answer 26

- ACTIVATION-SYNTHESIS THEORY

Question 27

"DREAMS may be stories made up by the LITERARY PART of our mind caused by the INTENSE BRAIN ACTIVITY during REM SLEEP."

Answer 27

- ACTIVATION-SYNTHESIS theory

Question 28

"This theory will point out that stress during the day will increase the number and intensity of dreams during the night."

Answer 28

- INFORMATION-PROCESSING THEORY

Question 29

"Perhaps the brain is dealing with DAILY STRESS and INFORMATION during REM SLEEP."

Answer 29

- INFORMATION-PROCESSING THEORY

Question 30

THREE THEORIES that explain HYPNOSIS (3)

Answer 30

- ROLE THEORY - STATE THEORY - DISSOCIATION THEORY

Question 31

posthypnotic amnesia (1)

Answer 31

- when people report FORGETTING EVENTS that occurred while they were hypnotized

Question 32

posthypnotic suggestion (1)

Answer 32

- a suggestion that a hypnotized person BEHAVE in a CERTAIN WAY after he or she is brought out of hypnosis

Question 33

"This theory points out that some people are more easily hypnotized than others, a characteristic called ... ..."

Answer 33

- HYPNOTIC SUGGESTABILITY | ROLE THEORY

Question 34

People with high hypnotic suggestability tend to .. (3)

Answer 34

- have richer FANTASY LIVES - FOLLOW DIRECTIONS WELL - be able to FOCUS on a single task for a long period of time

Question 35

"This theory points out that hypnosis meets some parts of the of the definition of an ALTERED STATE OF CONSCIOUSNESS"

Answer 35

- STATE THEORY

Question 36

"In addition, some people report dramatic HEALTH BENEFITS, such as PAIN CONTROL and reduction in specific PHYSICAL AILMENTS."

Answer 36

- STATE THEORY

Question 37

Reseacher ... ... explained hypnosis in his DISSOCIATION THEORY

Answer 37

- ERNEST HILGARD

Question 38

"One part of our consciousness responds to the SUGGESTIONS OF THE HYPNOTIST, while the other part/level retains AWARENESS OF REALITY."

Answer 38

- DISSOCIATION THEORY

Question 39

HILGARD asked hypnotized participants to put their arm in an ... ... ...

Answer 39

- ICE WATER BATH

Question 40

Normally, the brain is PROTECTED from HARMFUL CHEMICALS in the bloodstrean by THICKER WALLS surrounding the brain's BLOOD VESSELS. This is called the ... ... ...

Answer 40

- BLOOD-BRAIN BARRIER

Question 41

AGONISTS (1)

Answer 41

- drugs that mimic neurotransmitters

Question 42

ANTAGONISTS (1)

Answer 42

- drugs that BLOCK NEUROTRANSMITTERS

Question 43

"Physiological change that produces a need for MORE of the main drug in order to achieve the same effect."

Answer 43

- TOLERANCE

Question 44

TOLERANCE will eventually cause ... SYMPTOMS in users

Answer 44

- WITHDRAWAL

Question 45

PSYCHOACTIVE drugs (1)

Answer 45

- CHEMICALS that change the CHEMISTRY of the BRAIN and induce an ALTERED STATE OF CONSCIOUSNESS

Question 46

TYPES of PSYCHOACTIVE DRUGS (4)

Answer 46

- STIMULANTS - DEPRESSANTS - HALLUCINOGENS - OPIATES

Question 47

EXAMPLES of STIMULANTS (4)

Answer 47

- CAFFEINE - COCAINE - AMPHETAMINES - NICOTINE

Question 48

VALIUM is an .... ....

Answer 48

- ANTIANXIETY DRUG

Question 49

EXAMPLES of DEPRESSANTS (4)

Answer 49

- ALCHOHOL - BARBITURATES - TRANQUILIZERS - ANTI ANXIETY DRUGS

Question 50

EXAMPLES of HALLUCINOGENS (4)

Answer 50

- LSD - MUSHROOMS - MARIJUANA

Question 51

EXAMPLES of OPIATES (4)

Answer 51

- MORPHINE - HEROINE - METHADONE - CODEINE

Question 52

OPIATES act as ... for endorphins and thusbare powerful ..... and ... elevators

Answer 52

- AGONISTS - PAINKILLERS - MOOD

Question 53

HALLUCINOGENS causes changes in PERCEPTIONS of reality, including (3)

Answer 53

- SENSORY HALLUCINATIONS - LOSS OF IDENTITY - VIVID FANTASIES

Question 54

DEPRESSANTS slow down the SAME BODY SYSTEMS that .... speed up.

Answer 54

- STIMULANTS

Question 55

STIMULANTS SPEED UP BODY PROCESSES, including ... ... .., functions such as ... and ... rate

Answer 55

- AUTONOMIC NS - HEART - RESPIRATION