4th phase of the terror?

Question 1

When was the 4th phase?

Answer 1

Dec 1793-July 1794

Question 2

Summary of this period?

Answer 2

Dictatorahip of the CPS and the CGS, who gave rev armies, Paris sections and -sc/reps en missions huge power

Question 3

War situation during period?

Answer 3

Improving- Spanish armies kicked out of Roussilon and Br defeated at Hondschoke

Question 4

Interwar situation during this period?

Answer 4

Revolts crushed at Cholet and Le Mans effectively ended the Vendee Rebellion

Question 5

Economic situation during this period

Answer 5

assignats up to 48% of face value by Decemeber

Question 6

Law of Frimaire? When/what?

Answer 6

Dec 1793
decreed it was forbidden for any authority to issue proclamations or change the law
ALL AUTHORITY PLACED UNDER THE CPS AND EVERYTHING RE INDIVIDUALS/POLICING = THE CGS

Question 7

Effect of the law of frimaire?

Answer 7

Takes power away from SC- they cannot just interpret the law as they want (R believed they were becoming too powerful; he claimed this was ‘despotism of liberty’ justifying the law)

Question 8

What did Hebert want?

Answer 8

More hoarders executed and more distribution of property; v popular among sc not in Convention
called for March 1794 insurrection

Question 9

What happen to Herbert and Herbertistes

Answer 9

Arrested alongside 18 supporters

Accused of being a foreign agent who wanted to restore the monarchy

Question 10

What did CPS also do in March?

Answer 10

Used Herbert purge to strengthen dictatorship- Paris Rev Army disbanded; Cordelier Club closed; popular societies closed; Commune purged and filled with R supporters; reps-on-mission called back

Question 11

What was Robespierre’s philosophy?

Answer 11

Virtue with terror is ‘fatal’; ‘terror without virtue is powerless’ - they go hand in hand…one must act despotically to maintain liberty
Terror= not necessarily practical….about the regeneration of mankind

Question 12

Who were the indulgents?

Answer 12

Led by Danton and Desmoulins

Question 13

Desmoulin controversial ?

Answer 13

He translated a story of Roman terror in his newspaper ‘Old Cordeliers’ which painted them as bloody Roman dictators, shot by Robespierre

Question 14

What did Danton want?

Answer 14

Called for relaxation of terror; joked about virtue
WAS INTIALLY a friend of R
He also called for release of suspects in Dec 1793

Question 15

What happened to Danton and Desmoulins?

Answer 15

Show trial - all executed in April 1794

Question 16

What was Cult of SB?

Answer 16

God became God of Revolution
One of the duties = ‘detest bad faith’ and ‘punish traitors’
Celebration of the human race- international aspect to Terrorr?

Question 17

What was the Law of Prarial?

Answer 17

10 June
Punishing ‘enemies of the people’
Penalty is death - can be ‘moral’ evidence; ie no concrete evidence just suspicion
Power returned to people- every citizen can seize conspirators

Question 18

When was Great Terror?

Answer 18

10 June - 27 July

Question 19

Stat of Great Terror?

Answer 19

1376 guilotteend in Paris

In 47 days more people condemned to death by Rev Tribunal than those in months since March 1793 establishment

Question 20

Demographics of victims of Great Terror?

Answer 20

35% noble
25% clergy
40% bourgeoise