4.4 BRUE and SIDS

Question 1

BRUE - ALTE

Answer 1

• Infant younger than 1 stops breathing, has a change in muscle tone, turns blue or pale, and is unresponsive.
• Sudden onset and lasts 30-60 seconds.
• It is now called ALTE (Apparent Life-Threatening Event)

Symptoms
- Apnea
- Color Change
- Hypotonia
- Choking/Gagging/Coughing
- Requires significant intervention including CPR

• Admitted to the hospital to see if there is an underlying condition and observation.
• Usually it is either a freak accident or due to a previous condition we didn’t know about prior

INTERVENTIONS
- Send kids home with monitoring and oxygen
- Teach parents about how to preform CPR

Question 2

SIDS (Sudden Infant Death Syndrome)

Answer 2

• Sudden death of an infant less than 1 years old that remains unexplained after autopsy, death scene and case history
• Highest risk between 2-4 months (90% occurs before the age of 6 months)
• Rates dramatically decreased with Safe to Sleep Initiative
• Disproportionate burden in Indian, Alaskan Natives, African Americans

Question 3

Risk Factors for SIDS

Answer 3

Modifiable
- Smoking
- Co-sleeping
- Prone Sleeping
- Soft Bedding

Non-Modifiable
- LBW, Preterm, Low APGAR Scores, Multiple Births
- Recent Viral Infection
- Male
- Siblings of 2 or more SIDS victims
- Ethnicity (American Indian, Native Alaskan, African American)

Question 4

Safe Sleep Campaign

Answer 4

• Supine sleep position beginning at birth
• Firm bedding surfaces, no crib clutter, no pillows, no blankets, no toys, no rail bumpers
• NO CO-SLEEPING (due to risk of parent rolling on child)
• Maternal Smoking Cessations
• Role model safe sleep behaviors when infants are enrolled into the hospital