4.2 biodiversity Flashcards
3 reasons for protecting biodiveristy
- ecological
- economic
- aesthetic
ecological reasons for maintaining biodiversity (2)
- protecting keystone species
- maintaining genetic resource
economic reasons for protecting biodiversity
- reducing soil depletion (continuous monoculture)
aesthetic reasons for maintaining biodiversity
protecting landscape
2 example in situ conservation
- marine conservation zones
- wildlife reserves
3 example ex situ
- seed banks
- botanic gardens
- zoos
name 3 legislatiev agreements
- CITES (convention on international trade in endangered species)
- CBD (Rio convention on bio diversity)
- CSS (countryside stewardship scheme)
biodiversity
- different varieties of living things
what is habitat biodiversity
number of different habitats within an area/ecosystem
waht happens if you plough fields?
- reduces HABITAT DIVERSITY
species
group of organisms that can interbreed to produce fertile offspring
population
group of organisms of the SAME SPECIES who live in the same area at the same time
species RICHNESS
- number of different species living in a particular area
species EVENNESS
relative abundance of each species in an area
how to numerically measure biodiversity
simpsons index
what are n and N in simpsons index
n = number in that particular species
N = total organisms
spearmans’s rank
- correlation between stuff
- rank each criteria wiht 1 as lowest
the more alleles in a population the more…
genetically diverse
what can increase genetic biodiversity?
- mutations
- GENE FLOW; eg migration, alleles transferred between populations
3 levels of biodiversity
- ecosystem and habitat
- species
- genetic
ecosystem
all the living and non living components of an area
importance of random sampling
use of wuadrats
random rampling grid system
- make a grid by laying out 2 tape measures PPD
- RNG coordinates
- use that as sample site
systematic sampling uses…
quadrats