2.2.6-14 biomols - lipids, proteins, inorganic ions Flashcards
lipids are only soluble in …
ORGANIC solvents
saturated lipids
- eg animal fats (solid)
- only c-c single bonds
unsaturated lipids
- eg plant oils (FOREXAMPLE SAY VEGETABLE OIL ) (liquid)
- c=c double bonds
unsaturated lipid melting point
LOWER
- double bond causes a kink in the chain
- molecules cant pack as closely together
- weaker imfs so lower mp
unsaturated lipid state (room temp)
liquid
saturated lipid state (room temp)
solid
triglycerides
lipids made of one glycerol headand 3 fatty acid tails
bond joining glycerol and fatty acids
ester bond
reaction where triglycerides are made
condensation
use of triglycerides
ENERGY STORAGE (plant + animals)
phospholipids
- one fatty acid of a triglyceride is replaced by a phosphate containing group
- glycerolhead, 2 fatty acid chains, 1 phosphate
phosphate head property…
HYDORPHILIC (as it is charged)
tail of phospholipid property
HYDROPHOBIC
hydrogen ion formula
H+
amino group
NH2
how many diff amino acids
20
- differ by their ‘R’ group
bond joining amino acids
PEPTIDE bond
reaction joining amino acids
condensation
primary structure (2)
-order and number of amino acids in a protein
- held together by PEPTIDE bonds
secondary structure
-REGULAR FOLDING of amino acid chain into repeating patterns
- either alpha helix or beta pleated
what bond holds together secondary structure
hydrogen bonding
tertiary structure of proteins
- SECONDARY IS COILED AND FOLDED FURTHER
-disulfide bridge, ionic, hydrogen bonds between R GROUPS !!!!!!!!! - FINAL 3D STRUCTURE OF AMINO ACIDS FROM 1 PPC
globular protein shape
highly folded - spherical
examples of fibrous (2)
- keratin
- collagen