41: Drugs for Hypo/Hypernatremia Flashcards
1
Q
first and second fluid barriers in body fluid regulation
A
- capillary membranes
2. cell membranes
2
Q
quick estimate for plasma osmolality
A
2 x [Na]plasma
3
Q
five IV solutions and whether they expand ICF, ECF, or both
A
- isotonic NaCl (0.9%): ECF
- 0.45% NaCl: mostly ECF, some ICF
- 3% or 5% NaCl: ECF, shrinks ICF
- 5% albumin: plasma volume
- 5% dextrose: ECF and ICF
4
Q
recommended NaCl intake per day
A
3.8 grams
5
Q
normal value range for plasma osmolality
A
285-295
6
Q
three things that increase ADH
A
increased plasma osmolarity, decrease blood volume, decreased BP
7
Q
three drugs that increase ADH
A
morphine, nicotine, cyclophosphamide
8
Q
three drugs that decrease ADH
A
alcohol, clonidine, haloperidol
9
Q
MC electrolyte abnormality in clinical practice
A
hyponatremia
10
Q
major treatment for nephrogenic diabetes insipidus
A
thiazide diuretics
11
Q
treatment for nephrogenic diabetes insipidus caused by Lithium
A
amiloride
