33: Renal Pathology 2

Question 1

group of ppl most susceptible to polyoma virus associated nephropathy

Answer 1

renal transplant

Question 2

histo of a renal transplant with polyomavirus associated nephropathy

Answer 2

nuclear enlargement, intranuclear inclusions in tubular ep

Question 3

papillary necrosis

Answer 3

1+ pyramids of the kidney have grey/white/yellow necrosis

Question 4

three populations most susceptible to papillary necrosis in pyelonephritis

Answer 4

DM, sickle cell, urinary tract obstruction

Question 5

pyonephrosis

Answer 5

exudate unable to drain due to total obstruction high in urinary tract

Question 6

the only two conditions that affect the calyces of the kidney

Answer 6

chronic pyelo, analgesic nephropathy

Question 7

common bacteria that causes staghorn calculi

Answer 7

proteus mirabilis

Question 8

proteus grown on blood agar plate

Answer 8

forms swarming concentric circles

Question 9

analgesic nephropathy

Answer 9

NSAIDs cause several forms of kidney injury

Question 10

three types of nephropathy with hyperuricemia

Answer 10

1. acute uric acid nephropathy
2. chronic uric acid nephropathy
3. nephrolithiasis

Question 11

three things in the kidney that can be caused by disorders with hypercalcemia

Answer 11

1. chronic tubulointerstitial disease
2. renal insufficiency
3. kidney stones

Question 12

four factors in multiple myeloma that lead to renal insufficiency

Answer 12

1. bence-jones proteinuria
2. amyloid of AL type
3. light chain deposition
4. hypercalcemia and hyperuricemia

Question 13

the guardian of urinary and systemic homeostasis

Answer 13

Tamm-Horsfall protein (Uromodulin)

Question 14

examples of renal causes of HTN

Answer 14

acute GN, chronic renal disease, polycystic disease, renal A stenosis, renal vasculitis, renin-producing tumors

Question 15

MC urinary abnormalities in sickle cell pts

Answer 15

hematuria, hyposthenia

Question 16

hyposthenia

Answer 16

diminished ability to concentrate urine

Question 17

three reasons cystic kidney diseases are important

Answer 17

1. pretty common
2. some forms cause CKD
3. can be confused with malignant tumors

Question 18

PKD1 gene codes what protein, and where is it expressed?

Answer 18

polycystin-1, expressed in tubular epithelium

Question 19

PKD2 gene codes what protein and where is it found

Answer 19

polycystin-2, expressed in all segments of renal tubules as a Ca-permeable cation channel

Question 20

function of cilia in kidney tubules

Answer 20

monitor changes in fluid flow and stress

Question 21

what does PKHD1 gene encode, and where is it at

Answer 21

fibrocystin - in cilium of tubular cells

Question 22

most common genetic cause of ESRD in kids and young adults

Answer 22

nephronophthisis