37: Hematuria, Dysuria, Nocturia

Question 1

DDx of hematuria

Answer 1

1. malignancy: renal, bladder, prostate
2. renal cysts
3. stones: renal, bladder
4. glomerulonephritis
5. UTI
6. urethral trauma

Question 2

DDX of UTI

Answer 2

vaginitis, urethritis, PID, cystitis, pyelonephritis, prostatitis, epididymitis, interstitial cystitis

Question 3

two things found on urine dipstick that most likely mean UTI

Answer 3

leukocyte esterase, nitrites

Question 4

two physiologic causes of LUTS

Answer 4

bladder outlet obstruction (BOO) + detrusor muscle overactivity

Question 5

storage symptoms of LUTS

Answer 5

frequency, urgency, nocturia, incontinence

Question 6

voiding symptoms of LUTS

Answer 6

slow stream, straining to void, urinary intermittency, splitting of stream, dribbling

Question 7

DDx of nocturia

Answer 7

incontinence, diuretics, BPH, primary polydipsia, polyuria

Question 8

two drugs that dilate ureters to help get rid of kidney stones

Answer 8

1. alpha blockers (Tamsulosin)

2. Ca channel blockers (CCB) (Nifedipine)