Extras: Study Sheets

Question 1

three renal conditions associated with prune belly syndrome

Answer 1

1. bilat hydroureteronephrosis
2. VUR
3. renal dysplasia

Question 2

MC cause of hydronephrosis in kids

Answer 2

UPJ obstruction

Question 3

three things that can define AKI

Answer 3

1. Cr increase 0.3+ in 48 hours
2. Cr increase 1.5x baseline in 6 hours
3. urine volume <0.5ml/kg/hr x6 hours

Question 4

MC cause of intrinsic AKI

Answer 4

ATN

Question 5

four tubular & interstitial diseases to know

Answer 5

1. ATI: acute tubular injury
2. tubulointerstitial nephritis
3. AD tubulointerstitial kidney disease
4. Hepatorenal syndrome

Question 6

tubulointerstitial nephritis

Answer 6

defect in tubular function but no nephrotic or nephritic syndrome

Question 7

four mutations that can cause AD tubulointerstitial kidney disease

Answer 7

1. MUC1
2. UMOD
3. REN
4. HNF1B

Question 8

treatment for overflow urinary incontinence

Answer 8

alpha adrenergic antagonists

Question 9

associations with RTA types 1-3

Answer 9

1: systemic dz
2: fanconi syndrome, cystinosis, multiple myeloma
3. DM, ACEis, NSAIDs, heparin, spironolactone

Question 10

ADH function

Answer 10

increases water reabsorption -> dilutes serum

Question 11

aldosterone function

Answer 11

increased sodium reabsorption + K exretion

Question 12

plasma HCO3, urine pH, and urine anion gap for RTA 1, 2, 3

Answer 12

1: low HCO3, high pH, + anion gap
2: nl HCO3, low pH, no anion gap
3. high HCO3, low pH, + anion gap

Question 13

nephronophthisis

Answer 13

cortical tubulointerstitial damage

Question 14

where are cysts in nephronophthisis?

Answer 14

corticomedullary junction

Question 15

histo triad in nephronophthisis

Answer 15

1. renal tubular cysts
2. membrane disruption
3. cell infiltrates

Question 16

type of deletion associated with RCC

Answer 16

3p deletion

Question 17

two notable histo things in papillary carcinoma

Answer 17

interstitial foam cells, psammoma bodies

Question 18

renal tumors associated with Lynch syndrome

Answer 18

urothelial tumors

Question 19

normal values for anion gap and osmolar gap

Answer 19

anion gap: <12

osmolar gap: <10

Question 20

delta-delta gap normal value

Answer 20

if increase in AG = decrease in HCO3

Question 21

normal urine anion gap value

Answer 21

negative number

Question 22

TTP pentad of symptoms

Answer 22

1. fever
2. renal failure
3. neuro sx
4. hemolytic anemia
5. thrombocytopenia

Question 23

histo of TTP

Answer 23

massive ischemic necrosis in cortex only

Question 24

classic sx triad of acute proliferative GN

Answer 24

edema, hematuria, HTN

Question 25

what dz has wire loops on microscopy

Answer 25

SLE

Question 26

one type I RPGN

Answer 26

goodpastures

Question 27

three type 2 RPGNs

Answer 27

SLE, HSP, IgA nephropathy

Question 28

three type 3 RPGNs

Answer 28

GPA, MPA, eosinophilic GPA

Question 29

celiac associated with which nephritic disease

Answer 29

IgA nephropathy

Question 30

eight nephrotic syndromes

Answer 30

1. membranous nephropathy
2. minimal change disease
3. FSGS
4. MPGN Type 1
5. MPGN Type 2: Dense Deposit DIsease
6. ALport syndrome
7. BM Nephropathy
8. Diabetic Nephropathy

Question 31

Abs to PLA2R are found in what disease?

Answer 31

membranous nephropathy

Question 32

what condition has tram track BM

Answer 32

MPGN TYpes 1 and 2

Question 33

what condition has deposition of C3Nef?

Answer 33

Dense Deposit Disease

Question 34

what condition has a basket weave appearance on histo

Answer 34

Alport syndrome

Question 35

first sign of diabetic nephropathy

Answer 35

albumin in urine

Question 36

what condition is due to autoimmune response to ceroid lipids

Answer 36

retroperitoneal fibrosis

Question 37

what condition has malakoplakia and michaelis-gutmann bodies on histo?

Answer 37

cystitis