4 - TEACHING AND LEARNING IN HIGHER EDUCATION Flashcards
Roles of health professionals in health education
- Instructional Role
- Faculty Role
- Individual Role
- Planning and organizing courses
- Creating and maintaining a desirable group climate
- Adapting teaching and preparation of instructional materials to the needs of the students
- Motivating and challenging students to pursue and sustain learning activities
- Activities of instructors include:
1. Supplying needed information
2. Explaining, clarifying, interpreting
3. Demonstrating procedures
4. Becoming a resource person
5. Supervising students’ performance
6. Evaluating teaching and learning activities
Instructional Role
- Chairman, secretary, or member of committees
- Counselor of students in academic and non-academic matters
- Researcher
- Resource person both inside and outside of the institution
- Representative to organizations and agencies
- Public relations agent
Faculty Role
- A faculty member assumes personal roles such that they are a member of a:
1. Family
2. Church
3. Community
4. Country
Individual Role
the 12 Roles of the Teacher are created by ____________
Harden and Crosby, 2000
- mentor
- learning facilitator
- on-the-job role model
- teaching role model
- lecturer
- clinical teacher
student contact
- learning facilitator
- on-the-job role model
- teaching role model
- lecturer
- clinical teacher
- resource material creator
medical expertise
- mentor
- student assessor
- curriculum evaluator
- curriculum planner
- course organizer
- study guide producer
teaching expertise
- student assessor
- curriculum evaluator
- curriculum planner
- course organizer
- study guide producer
- resource material creator
student at a distance
Functions of a teacher
- Explaining and informing
- Initiating, directing, and administering
- Unifying the group
- Giving security
- Clarifying attitude, beliefs, and problems
- Diagnosing learning problems
- Making curriculum material
- Evaluating, recording, and reporting
- Arranging and organizing classroom
- Participating in the school activities
- Participating in professional life
Functions of a Teacher
- Expected to be well-informed in the areas in which they teach
- Expected to communicate information needed for background, enhancement, and motivation and to explain the relationship with children on a number of occasions
Explaining and Informing
Functions of a Teacher
The teacher faces and deals with many of the problems that require initiative, direction, and administration
Initiating, Directing, and Administering
Functions of a Teacher
An important task is to establish the spirit of the group within the team
Unifying the Group
Functions of a Teacher
There are children who feel loneliness, isolation, rejection, and economic insecurity, and therefore, teachers should identify the needs of the students
Giving Security
Functions of a Teacher
The teacher should clarify doubts and create opportunities for children to express their attitudes, interests, and problems, and to discuss their aims and interests and aspirations
Clarifying Attitude, Beliefs, and Problems
Functions of a Teacher
The teacher must analyze the learning problems of every individual student and should recommend possible solutions
Diagnosing Learning Problems
Functions of a Teacher
Curriculum plays an important role in the system
Making Curriculum Material
Functions of a Teacher
- The teacher should assess the progress of the class as a whole and of individual students through assessments and periodic evaluations
- They have to report the progress to the principal and the family
Evaluating, Recording, and Reporting
Functions of a Teacher
It is the teacher’s responsibility to make a classroom a beautiful place to learn
Arranging and Organizing Classroom
Functions of a Teacher
The teacher engages in other school activities like picnics, sports, and organizing some of the events
Participating in the School Activities
Functions of a Teacher
Every teacher is expected to enter professional life in its entirety and to make a contribution to the improvement of the profession
Participating in Professional Life
Qualities of an effective teacher
- Positive
- Prepared
- Organized
- Clear
- Active
- Patient
- Fair
Qualities of an Effective Teacher
- Keep the students engaged in a positive attitude
- The teacher must allow himself to be thrilled and find ways to let students see what is interesting about the subject
Positive
Qualities of an Effective Teacher
Teachers are supposed to know the course material
Prepared
Qualities of an Effective Teacher
It is the teacher’s responsibility to exemplify key points and essential context, in order to help students integrate all of their work such as reading, labs, exams, papers, and lectures for the course
Organized
Qualities of an Effective Teacher
- Efficient teachers can explain complex ideas in simple ways
- Help students understand and use new terminology so that they can be fluent in the language of the discipline
Clear
Qualities of an Effective Teacher
Keep the students thinking
Active
Qualities of an Effective Teacher
Give students time to process knowledge and answer questions about new knowledge
Patient
Qualities of an Effective Teacher
Every student wants a teacher who sets out clear expectations, enforces them regularly, and can admit when they were right
Fair
What Makes a Good Teacher? (legal basis)
CMO 13 s. 2017
Lesson planning is defined as:
- Visualizing
- Guidance
- Managing
- Decision-making
Definition of Lesson Planning
the ability to visualize the future classroom events
Visualizing
Definition of Lesson Planning
provides the type of roadmap or guide that assists in creating a flow of events that has a starting and endpoint
Guidance
Definition of Lesson Planning
a way of managing time and events
Managing
Definition of Lesson Planning
- allows one to make decisions, about the how’s and what’s of teaching based on three primary considerations:
1. The student’s prior learning experiences
2. The content derived from curriculum guides, textbooks, and teacher-developed material
3. The context and conditions on which the instruction will take place
Decision-making
- Give an overview of instruction
- Facilitate good management of instruction
- Make learning purposeful
- Link instructional events with community resources
- Provide for sequencing and pacing
- Economize time
- Provide for a variety of instructional activities
- Make learners’ success more measurable
- Create the opportunity for a higher-level questioning
- Assist in ordering supplies
- Guide substitute teachers
Functions of a Lesson Plan
Types of lesson plans
- Brief
- Semi-detailed
- Detailed
Types of Lesson Plans
An outline of the teacher’s activities
Brief
Types of Lesson Plans
Which type of teacher makes a brief lesson plan?
Master teachers
Types of Lesson Plans
All activities and teacher’s questions are listed
Semi-detailed
Types of Lesson Plans
Which type of teacher makes a semi-detailed lesson plan?
Neophyte teachers
Types of Lesson Plans
All activities, teacher’s questions, and student’s expected answers are reflected
Detailed
Types of Lesson Plans
Which type of teacher makes a detailed lesson plan?
Pre-service teachers
Characteristics of a good lesson plan
SMART
Basis for Selecting Learning Activities
- Learning outcomes
- Maximize opportunities to achieve multiple goals
- Student motivation
- Principles of learning
- Facilities, equipment, and resources
Basis for Selecting Learning Activities
The activity should be selected according to what learners are expected to know and to do at the end of the lesson
Learning outcomes
Basis for Selecting Learning Activities
Activity should contribute greatly to the attainment of learning outcomes
Maximize opportunities to achieve multiple goals
Basis for Selecting Learning Activities
Activity must make learners actively involved and can sustain students’ motivation
Student motivation
Basis for Selecting Learning Activities
Activity should be based on the principles of learning such as those that pertain to students’ cognitive development, attitudes, values, nature, and growth of motor abilities and skills
Principles of learning
Basis for Selecting Learning Activities
Activity selected should consider the facilities available, the equipment and teaching resources that may be used, and the administrative organization and structure of the school
Facilities, equipment, and resources
Learning Activities Continuum from Passive to Active Learning
- Lecture
- Demonstration
- Questioning
- Discussion
- Guided Practice
- Individual Practice
- Grouping
- Role Playing
- Simulation
- Reflective Inquiry/Thinking
Teacher-centered to Student-centered
