Brainscape's Knowledge GenomeTM


Top Flashcards (Certified)
All Flashcards

Sinclair Paramedic 2100 > 4-Renal and Reproductive > Flashcards

4-Renal and Reproductive Flashcards

1
Q

What is the role of the Kidneys (2)

A
  • Excrete waste and excessive fluid

- Create hormones to help produce RBC, promote bone health, regulate blood pressure

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
2
Q

2 main layers of the Kidneys

A
  • Renal cortex- Outer layer

- Renal medulla- Middle of kidney

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
3
Q

What is the Nephron

A

Functional unit and runs from medulla to cortex

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
4
Q

How blood gets to the nephron

A

-Afferent arteriole to glomerulus to Efferent arteriole

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
5
Q

Potocyte cells function

A

Filter things from glomerulus into Bowmans capsule

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
6
Q

Parts of the nephron (5)

A
  • Bowmans capsule
  • Proximal convoluted tubule
  • Loop of Henle
  • Distal convoluted tubule
  • Collecting duct
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
7
Q

Role of the Bowmans capsule

A

Grab filtrates from the glomerulus

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
8
Q

Role of the Proximal convoluted tubule (2)

A
  • Reabsorbs some of the filtrate

- Lined with cells that pump things back into capillaries

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
9
Q

Role of the Loop of Henle (Descending and Ascending)

A
  • Descending- Permeable to water which leaves to be absorbed by renal medulla
  • Ascending- Pumps out salts to the medulla for it to absorb water
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
10
Q

Role of the Distal convoluted tubule

A

Returns near the Bowmans capsule to release more things and water to the body

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
11
Q

Role of the Collecting duct (2)

A
  • Collects the by products of the nephrons

- Goes through the medulla so antidiuretic hormones can remove/save more water

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
12
Q

What is GARH and where does it come from

A
  • Gonadrupin Releasing Hormone

- Comes from hypothalamus

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
13
Q

What does GARH effect and cause a release of

A
  • Anterior pituitary gland

- LH and FSH

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
14
Q

What does LH stand for

A

Luitenising hormone

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
15
Q

What does FSH stand for

A

Follicle stimulating hormone

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
16
Q

Where do FSH and LH go and how

A

To the ovaries through capillaries

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
17
Q

What are the 2 phases of the menstrual cycle

A
  • Follicular phase (days 0-14)

- Luteal phase (days 15-28)

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
18
Q

What does FSH do

A

Stimulates ovary follicles

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
19
Q

As a result of FSH what happens to follicles

A

Some become primary follicles then some of those develop into secondary follicles

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
20
Q

What hormone is produced by follicles as they mature

A

Estrogen

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
21
Q

How does estrogen effect the menstrual cycle

A

1st 10 days- Inhibits secretion of LH, decrease secretion of FSH

2nd 10 days- Stimulates release of LH

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
22
Q

What happens as a result from the spike in LH

A

Ovulation of the most mature follicle

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
23
Q

What occurs after ovulation (3)

A
  • LH drops
  • GARH slowly drops
  • FSH has small spike then decline
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
24
Q

What do the rest of the “non-ovulated” follicles become

A

Corpus Luteum

25
What 3 hormones does the corpus luteum create
- Estrogen - Inhibin - Progesterone
26
At 21 days what 2 hormones increase
- Inhibin | - Progesterone
27
Role of Inhibin
Inhibit secretion of FSH
28
Role of Progesterone (2)
- Negative effect on hypothalamus, slowing GARH release, therefore slowing FSH and LH release - Stimulates endometrial growth
29
What happens as the corpus luteum degenerates (2)
- Allows more follicles to mature | - Levels of its hormones fall to normal
30
What is the final part of the menstrual cycle
Endometrium sheds
31
External female structures (2)
- Vulva | - Breasts
32
Female internal organs (8)
- Ovaries - Egg - Gonads - Uterine tubes (Fallopian) - Fimbriae - Uterus - Cervix - Vaginal Canal
33
Role of the ovaries
Produce eggs and hormones
34
What is an egg
Female gamete
35
Role of the gonads (ovaries)
Structures that construct gametes
36
Role of fimbriae
Finger like projections on the end of the uterine tubes, pick up egg from ovaries and sweep it into the uterine tube
37
Role of the uterus (2)
- Thick muscular wall to help push the baby out during labor | - Sheds internal lining after at the end of menstrual cycle
38
Role of the cervix
Opening from vaginal canal to uterus
39
What is the vaginal canal
The space inside of the vagina
40
External reproductive organs (10)
- Vulva - Labia majora - Labia minora - Hymen - Urethral opening - Vaginal opening - Clitoris - Prepus - Vestibule - Bulb of vestibule
41
What is the vuvla
Includes vaginal opening
42
What is the Labia majora
Soft flesh part with minor protective role
43
What is the hymen
Initial protection over the vagina (ie-uncircumcised dick)
44
What is the clitoris
No idea..... JK -A point of arousal stimulation on females and can initiate secondary arousal
45
What is the prepus
Little skin over clitoris
46
What is the vestibule
Space around urethral and vaginal openings
47
What is the bulb of vestibule
- Part of the clitoris complex - Wraps around vaginal opening - Fills with blood when aroused, expands vulva outward, puts pressure on the vaginal wall
48
Male reproductive parts (7)
- Testes - Scrotum - Epididymus - Spermatic cord - Accessory glands - Urethra
49
What are the testes (2)
- Control process of spermatogenisis (creation of sperm) | - Create testosterone
50
Role of the scrotum and the 2 muscles that control it
-Sack for testes that moves proximal or distal to the body to control the temp of the testes 1. Cremaster 2. Dartos
51
What is the epididymus
-Space on top of the testes for sperm to mature | Sperm gain more mitochondria and flagella
52
What is the vas deferens
Sperm drains out from epididymus to urethra
53
What is the spermatic cord
A bundles that the vas deferens, testicular arteries and testicular veins run through. One on each teste
54
Accessory glands and the 3 kinds
Provide sperm with necessary items to fertilize an egg
55
Role of the seminal vesicles
Give sperm fluid that makes up 60% of semen volume
56
Role of the prostate
Makes prostate fluid for semen that increases mobility of the sperm in the vagina
57
Role of the bulbourethral
Make lubricant for the urethra and vagina
58
Role of the urethra
Delivers sperm to the outside of the penis

Sinclair Paramedic 2100 (10 decks)

Brainscape helps you reach your goals faster, through stronger study habits.
© 2025 Bold Learning Solutions. Terms and Conditions