4 - Automatic Flight Flashcards
When both F/D switches are OFF, the A/P engages in:
• _____ as the pitch mode and
• _____ or _____ as the roll mode
V/S
HDG HOLD or ATT
Autothrottle disconnects if ____ engine(s) inoperative
more than one
A/T activates when _____ , _____, or ____ switch pushed
VNAV, FLCH, or TO/GA
Thrust (THR) Switch Operative from 400 feet after takeoff until landing; used to _____
select climb thrust after takeoff or go-around
IAS/MACH Window in climb, changes from IAS to Mach at approximately _____
In descent, changes from Mach to IAS at approximately _____
.84 M
310 kts
LNAV activates when the airplane is ____ feet above runway elevation and within _____ of the active leg
50
2.5 NM
Vertical Navigation (VNAV) activates _____ above runway elevation
400 ft
In ____ mode, AFDS commands pitch to maintain FMC target altitude or VNAV path, A/T operates in ____ mode
VNAV PTH
SPD
In ____ pitch mode, AFDS commands pitch to maintain MCP selected altitude
A/T operates in ____ mode
VNAV ALT
SPD
VNAV pitch guidance is available with ____ engines inoperative
one or two
In VNAV, if a conflict exists between the VNAV profile and the MCP altitude, the airplane levels and the pitch flight mode annunciation becomes _____. Resetting the MCP altitude window and pushing the altitude selector _____
VNAV ALT
continues the climb or descent
Heading (HDG) Window changes to ____ at LOC capture
ILS front course
Heading Select (HDG SEL) bank can be limited by the _____
AUTO - varies between 15 - 25 degrees, depending on _____ (3)
bank limit selector
TAS, flap position, and V2
What happens when HDG HOLD Switch is pushed in a bank?
AFDS rolls wings level, THEN holds heading
Flight Level Change (FLCH) pitches to _____ thrust to _____
When selected altitude captured, pitch flight mode annunciator changes to _____
selected speed
reach selected altitude in 2 min
(max - THR, min - IDLE/HOLD)
ALT
V/S Window displays _____ when selected
current V/S
Altitude Selector - PUSH (climb/descent)
with altitude constraint -
without altitude constraint -
- during climb or descent with altitude constraints, each push deletes the next waypoint constraint between the airplane altitude and the altitude window setting
- during climb with no altitude constraints, and the altitude window set above the FMC cruise altitude, changes cruise altitude to the altitude window value
ALT HOLD Switch - Push: AFDS commands pitch to maintain the altitude _____
when the switch was pushed
Localizer (LOC) Switch: localizer capture can occur when intercept track angle is within _____ degrees of the localizer course
120
Localizer mode can be deactivated after localizer capture by (3)
- selecting a roll mode other than LNAV
- pushing a TO/GA switch
- disengaging the autopilot and positioning both F/D switches off
Approach (APP) Switch; when will glideslope capture?
either localizer or glideslope can be captured first
or
glideslope capture is inhibited until localizer capture and intercept track angle is within 80 degrees of localizer course
An amber horizontal line displays through the affected ACTIVE pitch or roll mode when _____
a flight mode fault is detected
Autothrottle Modes (5)
- THR
- THR REF
- HOLD
- IDLE
- SPD
Takeoff/Go-around (TO/GA) Switches:
On the ground - Push
below 50 knots and flaps out of up, activates A/T in THR REF mode at reference thrust limit selected on THRUST LIMIT page.
If not pushed below 50 knots, A/T operation is inhibited until reaching 400 feet altitude
Takeoff/Go-around (TO/GA) Switches:
In flight (after takeoff) - Push
removes takeoff and climb derates and assumed temperature thrust reduction
Takeoff/Go-around (TO/GA) Switches:
On approach with flaps out of up or glideslope captured - Push (3)
- activates A/T in THR mode with GA reference thrust limit displayed. Thrust adjusts to provide a minimum 2000 feet per minute climb
- selects TO/GA roll and pitch modes
- activates F/D with no A/P or F/D active
Second push - activates autothrottle in THR REF using GA reference thrust
AFDS - A/T - MCP - FMC - FCC -
autopilot flight director system
autothrottle system
mode control panel
flight management computer
flight control computer
___ FCC(s) control separate hydraulically powered A/P control servos to operate flight controls
3 (left, center, and right)
The A/P controls ailerons and elevators.
Rudder commands are added only _______
during a multi-A/P approach.
Nose wheel steering is also added during rollout from an automatic landing
After localizer and glideslope capture, the localizer and glideslope modes can only be deactivated by _______ or _______
disengaging the autopilot and turning both flight directors off
by selecting TO/GA
AFDS Failures:
Autopilot remains engaged -
Autopilot disengagement -
> AUTOPILOT (caution) amber line is drawn through the mode annunciation
> AUTOPILOT DISC (warning/wailer)
it may be possible to reengage an autopilot by pushing the autopilot engage switch
What are the 5 AFDS modes?
- FD - flight director ON and autopilots not engaged
- CMD - autopilot engaged
- LAND 3 - three autopilots engaged and operating normally for an automatic landing
- LAND 2 - AFDS redundancy reduced; in some cases, only two autopilots available
- NO AUTOLAND - AFDS unable to make an automatic landing
With a ______ indication, the autopilot system level of redundancy is such that a single fault cannot prevent the autopilot system from making an automatic landing
LAND 3 (fail operational)
With a _______ indication, the level of redundancy is such that a single fault cannot cause a significant deviation from the flight path
LAND 2 (fail passive)
Below ____ feet RA, a change from LAND 3 to LAND 2 is not annunciated. Faults not requiring immediate crew action or awareness are annunciated after touchdown
200
Flight mode annunciations display above AFDS status annunciations. Mode annunciations, from left to right, are:
- autothrottle
- roll
- pitch
Autothrottle annunciations are (5)
THR
THR REF
IDLE
HOLD
SPD
What are the seven ROLL annunciations?
LNAV HDG SEL HDG HOLD LOC TO/GA ROLLOUT ATT
LNAV activates when above ___ feet and in position to turn onto the active route leg. In flight, selection causes immediate activation if within ___ NM of the active leg
50
2.5
In flight, TO/GA is armed when ________
flaps are out of up or glideslope is captured.
There is no flight mode annunciation for TO/GA armed
TO/GA switch; the roll steering indication provides guidance to maintain ______ at mode engagement
ground track
ROLLOUT (armed) - displays below ______ and activates below ______
ROLLOUT (active) - after touchdown, AFDS uses ______ to steer the airplane on the localizer centerline
1,500 ft RA
5 ft RA
rudder and nosewheel steering
On the ground, TO/GA annunciates by ______ The flight director pitch bar indicates an initial pitch of ___ degrees up. TO/GA pitch guidance becomes active at _____
positioning either flight director switch ON
8
lift-off
After takeoff, the AFDS commands a pitch attitude to maintain:
• a target speed of _____ or ____ whichever is greater
• if current airspeed remains above the target speed for ___, target airspeed resets to current airspeed, to a maximum of _____
V2 plus 10 kts or airspeed at rotation (pitch attitude greater than two degrees) plus 10 kts
5 seconds
V2 plus 25 kts
In flight, TO/GA is armed when _____ or _____
GA displays as the reference thrust limit on the _____
flaps are out of up or glideslope is captured
primary EICAS engine display
When a go-around is initiated, the command speed is ______ or _____, whichever is higher.
If the airspeed increases and remains above the initial target airspeed for _____, target airspeed resets to current airspeed to a maximum of the MCP window speed plus ____ kts.
MCP window
current airspeed
5 sec
25 kts
If airspeed at initiation of go-around is
greater than IAS/Mach window plus 25 knots, that speed is maintained
VNAV SPD (active) - AFDS maintains the FMC speed displayed on _____ and/or _____
During speed intervention, use the _____ to manually set the speed
PFD
CDU CLIMB/DESCENT pages
MCP IAS/MACH selector
VNAV PTH (active) - AFDS maintains FMC altitude or descent path with _____
pitch commands
For a non-entered headwind, thrust may increase to maintain the VNAV descent path
If a conflict occurs between the VNAV profile and the MCP altitude, the airplane levels and the pitch flight mode annunciation becomes ______
To continue the climb or descent ______ or ______
VNAV ALT
change the MCP altitude and push the altitude selector or change the pitch mode
Pushing the V/S switch opens the vertical speed window and displays ____
current vertical speed
Pushing the FLCH switch opens the IAS/MACH window. ______ maintain IAS/MACH window airspeed
Thrust increases/decreases to attempt to reach selected altitude in ___ minutes
Pitch
2 min
(up to THR REF- climb,
IDLE/HOLD - descent)
When autothrottle is used during manual landing autothrottle does not retard if pitch mode is _____
FLCH
Thrust levers can be manually positioned without disconnecting the autothrottle. The autothrottle system does not reposition thrust
levers while in ____ mode
HOLD
The autothrottle disconnects and cannot be reactivated if _____ or _____
The autothrottle disconnects when _____ but can be reactivated
both FMCs fail
two or more engines are shut down
FMC selector is switched
With speed less than _____, pushing a TO/GA switch activates the autothrottle in thrust reference (THR REF) and advances thrust levers to the selected reference thrust limit.
If the autothrottle is not active by ____ , it cannot be activated until above _____
During TO autothrottle annunciation changes to HOLD at _____
50 KIAS
50 knots
400 feet
65 knots
During takeoff, the FMC records barometric altitude as the airplane accelerates through _____. This altitude is used to activate _____, enable autothrottle activation (if not active), command
acceleration for flap retraction, and set climb thrust if an altitude has been selected
100 knots
LNAV and VNAV
If an engine failure occurs on the ground, the pitch command target speed at lift-off is
______
V2 or airspeed at lift-off, whichever is greater (limited to a maximum of V2 + 10)
After lift-off if an engine failure occurs, the pitch command target speed is ______
existing speed, if airspeed is between V2 and V2 + 10
V2 if speed below/V2 + 10 if speed above
After liftoff if a TO/GA switch is pushed with the takeoff reference thrust limit (THR REF) displayed ______
removes takeoff and climb derates and assumed temperature thrust reduction
At acceleration height (or altitude capture below acceleration height), pitch commands speed to _____. As flaps are retracted, pitch commands an acceleration to ______
5 knots below takeoff flap placard speed
5 knots below the placard speed of the commanded flap position
When flaps are up, pitch commands an acceleration to VNAV climb speed. VNAV climb speed is the greater of ______
- VREF + 100 knots, or
* speed transition associated with origin airport
AFDS controls the rudder during multiple A/P approaches to compensate for crosswind landings and engine-out asymmetric thrust conditions with ______ annunciated
LAND 2 or LAND 3
Ten seconds after reverse thrust levers are down, autothrottle is armed until _____.
(Pushing a TO/GA switch while the autothrottle is armed activates the autothrottle in THR REF mode)
flaps are UP
TO/GA is armed when ______ or _____
flaps are out of up
glideslope is captured
The reference thrust limit changes to GA when _____, _____, or ____.
The reference thrust limit is locked in GA when
_____ or ____
- flaps are extended out of up
- flaps are extended to landing position
- glideslope is captured
- flaps are in landing position
- glideslope is captured
TO/GA remains active even if the airplane _____ while executing the go-around
touches down
When the flight director switches are not on, pushing either TO/GA switch _____
displays the flight director bars
Can an automatic go-around be initiated after touchdown?
No
With the first push of either TO/GA switch:
• roll and pitch activate in TO/GA
• autothrottle activates in thrust (THR) to establish a _____ FPM climb
• if current airspeed remains above the target speed for __ seconds, the target airspeed is reset to _____
2000
5 sec
current airspeed, (to a maximum of window speed plus 25 knots)
With the second push of either TO/GA switch ______
autothrottle activates in thrust reference (THR REF) at full go-around thrust
TO/GA level-off: at the MCP altitude, the AFDS pitch flight mode annunciation changes to _____; all autopilots, except first in CMD, disengage
If the A/P systems are compensating for an asymmetric thrust condition when they
revert to a single A/P in CMD configuration, the rudder _____
altitude hold (ALT)
returns to the trimmed position
The AFDS provides windshear recovery guidance by ______
normal go-around pitch and roll modes
pitch-up of 15 degrees, as rate of climb increases from 600 to 1200 feet per minute (0 to 600 feet per
minute with engine out), AFDS gradually transitions from pitch to airspeed control
The automatic flight control system provides _____ and _____ protection
stall
overspeed
The FMC supplies minimum and maximum speeds to the automatic flight control system
During a descent in VNAV SPD, the autothrottle may activate in _____
mode and will not support _____
HOLD
stall protection
What is the Thrust (THR) Switch used for and when is it active?
select climb thrust after takeoff or go-around
operative from 400 feet after takeoff until landing
When does the thrust limit change to CON after an engine failure?
Vref+98 and Flaps selected UP
AFDS speed protection is provided through the elevators for which pitch modes? (3)
VNAV SPD
FLCH SPD
TO/GA
(With A/T armed), the A/T automatically activates when speed less than FMC value in which modes? (4)
VNAV XXX
V/S
G/S
ALT
(no autopilot or F/D active)
During VNAV SPD descent will the autothrottle activate for stall protection?
not in HOLD
TO/GA Switch push: after TO/in flight (4)
- removes takeoff/climb derates and assume temp
- A/T in HOLD, activates A/T in THR REF
- 50ft-400ft, selects TO/GA roll mode
- above 400ft, selects TO/GA roll and pitch mode
TO/GA Switches: Approach (flaps out of up or glideslope capture) (3)
Second push:
- A/T in THR mode (GA displayed), minimum 2000 fpm climb
- selects TO/GA roll and pitch modes
- activates F/D (if no A/P or F/D active)
activates A/T in THR REF
What electrical problem will cause Autothrottle Inop?
ELEC AC BUS 1/4
What happens to the Autopilot if you get an alert message?
Warning -
Caution -
inop
degraded
Which direction will the airplane turn if the HDG knob was turned before you pushed SEL?
after you pushed SEL?
the shortest direction to the selected HDG (which may not comply with the clearance).
the direction you turned the HDG knob
When is APP Mode locked and how can you get out of it
at G/S capture
disengage A/P, both FDs off
- At what altitude does the pre-autoland test begin?
- At what altitude does runway alignment begin?
- At what altitude does Flare engage?
- At what altitude does thrust engage in idle?
- At what altitude does rollout engage
1500 ft RA (autoland status when test complete)
500 ft - 200 ft RA
60 ft - 40 ft RA
25 ft RA
5 ft (nose wheel and rudder control to CL)
