4

Question 1

Bond that stabilizes DNA double helix?

Answer 1

H-bonds

Question 2

Rules of H-bond formation between nucleic acid bases?

Answer 2

A — G
C — T(DNA)
U(RNA)

Question 3

Main principles of interaction between strands of nucleic acids?

Answer 3

Complementary and antiparallelity

Question 4

Denaturation of nucleic acids?

Answer 4

Breaking H-bond

Question 5

Nucleotide and nucleoside?

Answer 5

Nucleoside = base + Pentose
Nucleotide = Nucleoside + phosphate

Question 6

What is antiparallelity?

Answer 6

Direction of phosphodiester bond is opposite in the complementary strands of a double stranded nucleic acid

Question 7

What is melting point of a DNA?

Answer 7

Temperature required to denature 50% of DNA

Question 8

Hyperchromicity?

Answer 8

Increase in UV light absorption during denaturation

Question 9

Purine and pyrimidine bases and locations?

Answer 9

Purines- A,G
Pyrimidine- C,T

DNA- A,G,C,T. RNA- A,G,C,U

Question 10

Chemical to precipitate DNA?

Answer 10

Ethanol and TCA

Question 11

Charge of nucleic acids at neutral pH?

Answer 11

Negative due to phosphate groups

Question 12

Chemicals that cause DNA & RNA denaturation?

Answer 12

DNA- Alkaline solution, Urea
RNA- Formaldehyde

Question 13

Difference between melting point of DNA of different species?

Answer 13

Difference between A+T/G+C ratio in the DNA

Question 14

Ribozyme?

Answer 14

RNA that has catalytic activity

Question 15

Acidic & Basic amino acid?

Answer 15

Acidic- Aspartic, Glutamic
Basic- Lysine

Question 16

General structure of amino acid?

Answer 16

A central C atom attached to H-group, carboxyl(makes it acidic), amino group and side chain.

Question 17

Structure of proteins?

Answer 17

Primary- order of amino acids
Secondary- alpha helix and beta sheet
Tertiary- domain functional unit

Question 18

Proteins involved in folding of proteins in vivo?

Answer 18

Chaperone proteins

Question 19

Proteins with quartenary structure?

Answer 19

Hemoglobin and Insulin

Question 20

Effect of enzyme on activation energy of catalytic reactions?

Answer 20

Decrease

Question 21

Proteome?

Answer 21

All proteins present in a cell

Question 22

Carotenoids?

Answer 22

Beta carotene and Retinal

Question 23

Steroid compounds?

Answer 23

Cholesterol(membrane component), testosterone, oestrogen