10

Question 1

Change, adding or delete of nucleotides during mRNA processing?

Answer 1

RNA editing

Question 2

Example of consensus sequence?

Answer 2

TATA box

Question 3

Role of mRNA and tRNA during translation?

Answer 3

mRNA: template
tRNA: adapter

Question 4

Molecules and products in amino acid activation?

Answer 4

Molecules: Amino acid, ATP and aminoacyl-tRNA synthase

Products: aminoacyl- tRNA, AMP and pyrophosphate

Question 5

Molecules double bind to 3 main loops and to 3’ end of tRNA?

Answer 5

Ribosome, mRNA and amino acid

Question 6

Central dogma of molecular biology?

Answer 6

Direction of flow of information:
DNA — RNA — Proteins

Question 7

Polycistronic mRNAs?

Answer 7

More than one ORF(open reading frame)

Question 8

Start and end site of OPF?

Answer 8

Start: initiation condon
End: stop codon

Question 9

Feature of genetic code meaning one amino acid could be coded by multiple codons?

Answer 9

Redundancy(degeneration)

Question 10

Nucleotide of codon involved in wobble?

Answer 10

3rd nucleotide

Question 11

Enzyme catalyzing peptide bonds formation?

Answer 11

Peptidyl transferase(ribozyme)
Found in large subunit of ribosome

Question 12

The anticodon of a tRNA molecule is 5’-CAU-3’. What is the sequence of the corresponding codon of mRNA (5’ - - 3’)?

Answer 12

5’-AUG-3’

Question 13

Antibiotics able to inhibit protein synthesis?

Answer 13

Erithromycin, tetracyclin, streptomycin

Question 14

What is polysome made of?

Answer 14

mRNA and ribosomes

Question 15

Direction of protein synthesis from the POV of mRNA and protein?

Answer 15

mRNA: 5’—3’
protein: N terminus — C terminus

Question 16

3 repeated steps of the elongation of translation?

Answer 16

binding of aminoacyl-tRNA, peptidyl transferase reaction and translocation

Question 17

Sedimentation constant of subunits and whole ribosome in prokaryotes?

Answer 17

Subunits: 30S and 50S
Whole ribosome: 70S

Question 18

Sedimentation constant of subunits and whole ribosome in eukaryotes?

Answer 18

Subunits: 40S and 60S
Whole ribosome: 80S

Question 19

Energy used in incorporation of one amino acid into newly synthesised proteins?

Answer 19

4 high energy bonds

Question 20

Energy dependent processes in translation?

Answer 20

Amino acid activation, aminoacyl-tRNA binding, translocation

Question 21

Constitutive gene expression?

Answer 21

Continuously expressing a certain gene at the same rate

Question 22

DNA regions that build up a bacterial operon?

Answer 22

Promoter, operator, structural genes