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Respiratory: Symptomatic & Diagnostic Terms Flashcards

1
Q

breathing

A

-pnea

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2
Q

normal breathing

A

eupnea

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3
Q

slow breathing

A

bradypnea

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4
Q

fast breathing

A

Tachypnea

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5
Q

Shallow breathing

A

Hypopnea

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6
Q

Deep breathing

A

Hyperpnea

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7
Q

Difficulty breathing

A

Dyspnea

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8
Q

Inability to breath

A

Apnea

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9
Q

Ability to breath only in an upright position

A

Orthopnea

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10
Q

pattern of breathing characterized by a gradual increase of depth and sometimes rate to a maximum level, followed by a decrease, resulting in apnea

A

Cheyne-Stokes respiration

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11
Q

popping sounds heard on auscultation of the lung when air enters diseased airways and alveoli- occurs in disorders such as bronchiecstasis and atelectasis

A

Crackles

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12
Q

popping sounds heard on auscultation of the lung when air enters diseased airways and alveoli- occurs in disorders such as bronchiecstasis and atelectasis

A

Rales

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13
Q

high-pitched, musical sounds heard on auscultation of the lung when air flows through a narrowed airway- occurs in disorders like emphysema and asthma

A

Wheezes

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14
Q

high-pitched, musical sounds heard on auscultation of the lung when air flows through a narrowed airway- occurs in disorders like emphysema and asthma

A

Rhonchi

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15
Q

a high-pitched crowing sound that is a sign of obstruction in the upper airway

A

Stridor

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16
Q

Degeneration and death of tissue with a cheese like appearance

A

Causeous necrosis

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17
Q

hoarseness

A

Dysphonia

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18
Q

Nosebleed (stazo=to drip)

A

Epistaxis

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19
Q

Coughing up and spitting out of material from the lungs

A

Expectoration

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20
Q

Material expelled from the lungs by coughing

A

Sputum

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21
Q

Coughing up and spitting out blood originating in the lungs

A

Hemoptysis

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22
Q

To spit

A

ptysis

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23
Q

Excessive level of carbon dioxide in the blood

A

Hypercapnia

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24
Q

smoke

A

capno

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25
Q

Excessive level of carbon dioxide in the lungs

A

Hypercarbia

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26
Q

excessive movement of air in and out of the lungs causing hypocapnia (low level CO2)

A

Hyperventilation

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27
Q

deficient movement of air in and out of the lungs causing hypercapnia

A

Hypoventilation

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28
Q

Deficient amount of oxygen in the blood

A

Hypoxemia

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29
Q

Deficient amount of oxygen in the tissue cells

A

Hypoxia

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30
Q

Condition blocking the flow of air moving out of the lungs (decreased complience)

A

Obstructive lung disorder

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31
Q

Condition limiting the intake of air into the lungs (earlier dynamic broncial compression)

A

Restrictive lung disorder

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32
Q

fluid filling of the spaces around the alveoli, eventually flooding into the alveoli

A

Pulmonary Edema

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33
Q

density on an x-ray representing solid material within the air spaces of the lungs, usually indicating inflammatory changes

A

Pulmonary Infiltrate

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34
Q

thin, watery discharges from the nose

A

Rhinorrhea

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35
Q

panting; obstructive pulmonary disease caused by a spasm of the bronchial tubes by swelling of their mucous membranes, characterized by paroxysmal (sudden, periodic) attacks of wheezing, dyspnea, and cough

A

Asthma

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36
Q

Collapse of lung tissue (alveoli)

A

Atelectasis

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37
Q

Abnormal dilation of the bronchi with accumulation of mucus

A

Bronchiectasis

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38
Q

Inflammation of the bronchi

A

Bronchitis

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39
Q

Lung cancer

A

Bronchogenic carcinoma

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40
Q

constriction of the bronchi caused by spasm of the peribronchial smooth muscle

A

Bronchospasm

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41
Q

obstructive pulmonary disease characterized by over expansion of the alveoli with air, with destructive changes in their walls resulting in loss of lung elasticity and gas exchange

A

Emphysema

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42
Q
  • chronic obstructive pulmonary disease

- permanent, destructive pulmonary disorder that is a combination of chronic bronchitis and emphysema

A

COPD

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43
Q

inherited condition of exocrine gland malfunction causing secretion of abnormally thick, viscous mucus that obstructs passageways within the body, commonly affecting the lungs and digestive tract; mucus that obstructs the airways leads to infection, inflammation, and lung tissue damage

A

Cystic Fibrosis

44
Q

Inflammation of the larynx

A

Laryngitis

45
Q
  • LTB, AKA croup
  • inflammation of the upper airways with swelling that creates a funnel-shaped elongation of the tissue causing a distinct “seal bark” cough
A

Laryngotracheobronchitis

46
Q

spasm of the laryngeal muscles causing constriction

A

Laryngospasm

47
Q

presence of numerous polyps in the nose (polyp=tumor on a stalk)

A

Nasal polyposis

48
Q

Inflammation of the pharynx

A

Pharyngitis

49
Q

accumulation of fluid within the pleural cavity

A

Pleural Effusion

50
Q

Accumulation of pus in the pleural cavity

51
Q

Accumulation of pus in the pleural cavity

52
Q

Accumulation of blood in the pleural cavity

A

Hemothorax

53
Q

Inflammation of the pleura

54
Q

Inflammation of the pleura

55
Q

chronic restrictive pulmonary disease resulting from prolonged inhalation of fine dusts such as coal, asbestos, or silicone

A

Pneumoconiosis

56
Q

inflammation of the lung caused by infection from virus, bacteria, fungi, or parasites, or resulting from aspiration of chemicals

57
Q

pneumonia caused by the pneumocystis carinii organism- a common opportunistic infection seen in those with positive human immunodeficiency virus

A

pneumocystis pneumonia

58
Q

air in the pleural cavity caused by a puncture of the lung or chest wall

A

Pneumothorax

59
Q

inflammation of the lung often caused by hypersensitivity to chemicals or dusts

A

Pneumonitis

60
Q

PE

A
  • pulmonary embolism

- occlusion in the pulmonary circulation, most often caused by a blood clot

61
Q

TB

A
  • pulmonary tuberculosis
  • disease caused by the presence of mycobacterium tuberculosis in the lungs characterized by the formation of tubercles, inflammation, and necrotizing lesions
62
Q

inflammation of the sinuses

63
Q

periods of breathing cessation (10 seconds or more) that occur during sleep, often causing snoring

A

Sleep Apnea

64
Q

acute or chronic inflammation of the tonsils

A

Tonsillitis

65
Q

URI

A
  • upper respiratory infection

- infectious disease of the upper respiratory tract involving the nasal passages, pharynx , and bronchi

66
Q

ABG

A

arterial blood gases

-analysis of arterial blood to determine the adequacy of lung function in the exchange of gas

67
Q

pH

A

a measure of blood alkalinity or acidity

68
Q

PaO2

A

partial pressure of oxygen measuring the amount of oxygen in the blood

69
Q

PaCO2

A

partial pressure of carbon dioxide measuring the amount of carbon dioxide in the blood

70
Q

examination of the body cavity with a flexible endoscope to examine within for diagnostic purposes

71
Q

use of a flexible endoscope , called a bronchoscope to examine the airways

A

Bronchoscopy

72
Q

use of a flexible endoscope to examine the nasal passages and the pharynx to diagnose structural abnormalities such as obstruction, growths, or cancer

A

Nasopharyngoscopy

73
Q

removal of a small piece of lung tissue for pathological examination

A

Lung Biopsy

74
Q

two-part nuclear scan of the lungs to detect abnormalities of perfusion or ventilation, AKA V/Q scan

75
Q

made as the patient breathes radioactive material into the airways

A

Ventilation Scan

76
Q

made after radioactive materials are injected into the blood and circulated to the lungs

A

Perfusion Scan

77
Q

nonionizing image of the lung to visualize lung lesions

A

Magnetic Resonance Image (MRI)

78
Q

PSG

A
  • polysomnography

- recording of various aspects of sleep for diagnosis of sleep disorders

79
Q

to listen; physical examination method of listening to the sounds within the body with the aid of a stethoscope, such as auscultation of the chest for heart and lung sounds

A

Auscultation

80
Q

physical examination method of tapping over the body to elicit vibrations and sounds to estimate the size, border, or fluid content of a cavity such as the chest

A

Percussion

81
Q

PFT

A
  • pulmonary function test

- direct and indirect measurements of lung volume and capacities

82
Q

portion of pulmonary function testing that is a direct measurement of lung volume and capacity

A

Spirometry

83
Q

amount of air exhaled after a normal inspiration

A

Tital volume

84
Q

amount of air exhaled after maximum inspiration

A

Vital capacity

85
Q
  • aka peak expiratory flow (PEFR)

- measure of the fastest flow exhaled after a maximum inspiration

86
Q

noninvasive method of estimating the percentage of oxygen saturation in the blood using an oximeter with a specialized probe attached to the skin at a site of atrial pulsation, commonly the finger

A

Pulse Oximetry

87
Q

x-ray imaging

88
Q

CXR

A
  • chest x-ray

- x-ray image of he chest to visualize the lungs

89
Q

computed x-ray imaging of the head is used to visualize the structures of the nose and sinuses of the thorax is used to detect lesions in the lungs

A

Computed Topography

90
Q

x-ray of the blood vessels of the lungs after injection of contrast materials

A

Pulmonary Angiography

91
Q

excision of the adenoids

A

Adenoidectomy

92
Q

removal of a lobe of the lung

93
Q

removal of a nasal polyp

A

Nasal Polypectomy

94
Q

removal of an entire lung

A

Pneumonectomy

95
Q

puncture for an aspiration of the chest

A

Thoracentesis

96
Q

repair of the chest involving fixation of the ribs

A

Thoracoplasty

97
Q

endoscopic examination of the pleural cavity using a thoracoscope

A

Troracoscopy

98
Q

Creation of an opening in the chest usually for the insertion of a tube

A

Thoracostomy

99
Q

Incision into the chest

A

Thoracotomy

100
Q

excision of the palatine tonsils

A

Tonsillectomy

101
Q

T&A

A
  • tonsillectomy and adenoidectomy

- excision of the tonsils and adenoids

102
Q

creation of an opening in the trachea, most often to insert a tube

A

Tracheostomy

103
Q

incision into the trachea

A

Tracheotomy

104
Q
  • cardiopulmonary resuscitation
  • method of artificial respiration and closed chest massage used to restore breathing and cardiac output after cardiac arrest
105
Q

CPAP

A
  • continuous positive airway pressure
  • device that pumps a constant pressurized flow of air through the nasal passages, commonly used during sleep to prevent airway closure in sleep apnea

Med Terms Connor (33 decks)

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