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BIOC192 > 39 > Flashcards

39 Flashcards

1
Q

Body mass index calc

A
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2
Q
A
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3
Q
A
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4
Q

FFA mobilisation is restricted to 200 why

A

Albumin needed

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5
Q

Decreased diet intake

A
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6
Q
A
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7
Q
A
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8
Q

Biology does uncouple mitochondria - in brown fat

A
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9
Q

Features of brown fat

A
  • special thermogenic tissue
  • found in hibernating animals
  • babies
  • less in adults
  • keeps hibernating animals and babies warm
  • many mitochondria and fat droplets
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10
Q
A
  • less triaglyceril fat droplets and more mito
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11
Q

Uncoupling protein (UCP)

A
  • originally found in brown fat
  • present in inner mitochondrial membrane
  • UCPs are regulated proton channels in the membrane - holes
  • ‘uncouple’ ATP syntheses from fatty acid oxidation
  • electrochemical potential gradient dissipates, releasing heat
  • therefore increases metabolic rate and burns excess fuels
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12
Q
A
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13
Q

Metabolic adaptions to cold in penguins

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14
Q

Diet induced thermogenesis

A
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15
Q

Are there uncouples in white adipose tissue? What do they do?

A

Yes
- they act to raise the metabolic rate and release heat to burn offf some excess energy and prevent obesity
- the tissue is called beige adipose tissue and its formed following exposure to cold

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16
Q

UCP burning off fat after baeiatric surgery

A
17
Q

BAT (brown adipose tissue) orientated strategises to combat obesity “burn off excess fuel as heat

A
  • stimulate existing BAT
  • switch on brown fat differentiation and growth
  • transplation of energneered bat
18
Q

How to generate BAT

A

Stem cells giving rise to skeletal muscle were shown by the expression of a single transcription factor, they could be diverted into brown adipose

  • expressing transcription factor in white adipose does the same thing
19
Q
A

The more we understand about the transition from white adipose tissue to brown adipose tissue, we will be able to stimulate stransition and burn of excess fat

20
Q

Obesity genetic component

A

Yes
- environment and lifestyle factors too

Several genetic abuse rodents have defects in single genes
- become fat even tho eating same diet

21
Q

Obese gene codes for

A
  • leptin
  • mutant obscene mouse doesn’t produce leptin
  • hormone secreted from ‘fat’ fat cells
  • leptin signals the brain to:
    • decrese food intake
    • increase energy expenditure
      Therefore maintaining normal energy balance
  • homozygous doesn’t produce leptin
22
Q

Injecting leptin into obese mouse

A
23
Q

Leptin receptor

A
  • obesity is from absence of receptor not absence of hormone ?
24
Q

Leptin in humans - where does it come from where is it receipted

A
25
Q

Very obese child has no leptin

A
26
Q

Most obese humans appear to be resisting to the…

A

Leptin signal
- not the hormone or receptor

27
Q

Factors influencing the development of obesity

A
28
Q

Potential molecular targets for anti obesity drugs

A

BIOC192 (38 decks)

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