3.6 Structure Of Proteins Flashcards

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1
Q

How many amino acids are there in an organism

A

20

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2
Q

How are amino acids joined together?

A

By condensation reactions
A peptide bond is formed between two amino acids, producing a dipeptide
A polypeptide is firmed when many amino acids bond together

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3
Q

What is the primary structure of a protein?

A

The polypeptide produced during translation

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4
Q

What is the secondary structure of a protein?

A

A coiled or pleated sheet protein structure
Alpha helix - coiled
Beta helix - pleated

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5
Q

What is the tertiary structure of a protein?

A

A specific 3D shape as a result of hydrogen bonds, ionic bonds, disulfide bridges and hydrophobic interactions

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6
Q

What is the quartenary structure of a protein?

A

When two or more polypeptides associate

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7
Q

What test identifies proteins?

A

The biuret test

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8
Q

How is the biuret test carried out?

A
  1. Add sodium hydroxide (NaOH) to the sample (equal volumes)
  2. Add drops if copper sulphate solution (which is blue) and mix
  3. A purple colour shows the presence of protein
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9
Q

What is the difference between DNA and ATP?

A

-The base in ATP is always adenine whereas in DNA the base is either adenine, thymine, cytosine and guanine
-There are 3 phosphate groups in ATP and only one in DNA
-The sugar in ATP is ribose but in DNA it is deoxyribose
(Similarities both contain a nitrogenous base and a sugar. They also have phosphate groups involved

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