15.5 The Structure And Function Of The Mammalian Kidney Flashcards

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1
Q

Which two homeostatic functions do the mammalian kidneys perform?

A

Excretion

Osmoregulation

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2
Q

What is excretion?

A

The removal of metabolic waste products form the body

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3
Q

What is osmoregulation?

A

The control of water and ion concentrations in an organism

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4
Q

What is the structure of the kidney?

A

Cortex: outer region
Medulla: inner region
Renal pelvis: most central region, which leads to the ureter

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5
Q

How are large molecules prevented from leaving the blood during ultrafiltration?

A

There are three filters:

  • Fenestrations (narrow gaps) between endothelium cells in capillaries
  • Podocytes: epithelial cells of the capsule that have finger-like projections, which form filtration slits
  • Basement membrane: a mesh of collagen and glycoprotein around the glomerulus
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