3.28 Stroke 2 Flashcards
Categories of issues that arise from strokes
- speech
- motor
- memory
- personality
- bowel/bladder
- vision
- apraxia
strokes: speech problems
aphasias
strokes: motor problems
- paresis
- paralysis
- plegia
strokes: personality changes
- emotional
- labile
Major thing to remember about all strokes**
no two strokes will look the same, even if they’re in the same artery
Which type of stroke is easier to classify (s/s)?
ischemic
Why are hemorrhagic strokes difficult to classify?
- blood is leaving the artery before it gets to tissue and is filling a space (creating pressure)
- can affect both areas
- If pressure gets high enough, can push brain into the skull and affect those tissues
DIFFUSE cluster of s/s depending on where the bleed is
Other than ischemic and hemorrhagic, what are some of the other stroke types?
- TIA
- minor
- major
- shower stroke
TIA
transient ischemic attack
What is a TIA?
- temporary restriction of blood flow
- resolves within 24 hours
- aka “pin strokes”
Why does the cause of TIA need to be assessed?
- there’s some clotting happening » need to figure out or they’re going to have a full blown stroke
What may be used to assess the cause of TIA?
- ECG
- carotid ultrasound (plaque buildup)
- study brain under fluoroscopy to find out where clots are coming from
What are some s/s of a minor stroke
- foot drop
- hand weakness
- face droopies
- superficial weakness
What is a minor stroke?
- usu smaller clot that is only affecting a small part of the gyri
- no other areas of the brain affected
minor stroke recovery
may get better over time with therapy
major stroke
- massive loss of function in an entire side
- complete disuse of limbs, speech issues, etc.
- tons of therapy
What is a shower stroke?
shower of emboli create diffuse symptomology (tons of small strokes occur at the same time)
What procedure can potentially cause a shower stroke?
carotid endartectomy: small emboli can dislodge and perfuse across the brain and get lodged errywhere
prognistic considerations for stroke
- age
- gender
- alcohol consumption
prognostic factors: age
- younger (under 40) = more likely to improve
- brain more plastic
prognostic factors: gender
- women more susceptible
- higher risk during pregnancy or postpartum
Why are women more susceptible to strokes?
birth control
Common risk factors
- beetus
- heart rhythm
- HTN
- heart disease (anything arterial)
- stacking of conditions
- pregnancy/birth/postpartum
- menopause
What is preeclampsia?
HBP during pregnancy
modifiable risk factors for stroke?
- cigarettes
- obesity
- inactivity
- diet
nonmodifiable risk factors for stroke
- family hx
- age
- gender
- race (African Americans have a higher risk)
