3.2.3 Cognitive Evaluation (Sch) Flashcards
(Schemas) Hemsley believed the breakdown between memory and new info is caused by what?
Abnormalities in the hippocampus but as of yet there is no evidence
(Support) Barch compared people with and without schizophrenia performance on what?
A stroop test
(Support) Barch - those with schizophrenia were what?
Slower and made more mistakes
(Support) how does Barch’s research support Friths theory that positive symptoms can be explained by lack of filters?
Barch concluded his research gave evidence those with schizophrenia couldn’t filter information as effectively
(Support) was Barch’s research scientific and controlled?
Yes it had an experimental and control group
(Support) what is a strength of controlled research?
It can be repeated to get consistent results allowing a cause and effect relationship to be established
(Support) research by Johns provides evidence for which theory?
Theory of mind
(Support) Johns asked individuals experiencing what and a healthy control group to do what?
Experiencing verbal hallucinations and delusions
Read words aloud under 4 conditions
(Support) Johns - what was the first condition they had to read words in?
Reading out loud
(Support)Johns - The second condition involved reading aloud with what?
Acoustic distortion of their own voice
(Support) Johns - the third condition involved reading aloud while hearing what?
Someone else’s voice
(Support) Johns - the fourth condition involved reading aloud with distorted what?
Alien feedback
(Support) Johns after saying each word participants indicated what?
The source of the word they heard
(Support) Johns - individuals with schizophrenia were more likely to do what?
Misattribute the source of their own distorted voice when words were insulting
(Support) Johns research suggests individuals experiencing verbal hallucinations have compromised what?
Self monitoring
(Reductionist) Frith says the faulty cognitive mechanism in schizophrenia is due to disconnection in what?
Functions within frontal cortex (decisions) and posterior areas (perception)
(Reductionist) Friths evidence is from his detecting changes in what?
Cerebral blood flow in people with schizophrenia when completing cognitive tasks
(Reductionist) was friths research scientific?
Yes
Scientific methods to measure blood flow
(Reductionist) friths explanation can be seen as a weakness due to being reductionist as it reduces what?
Complex cognitive mechanisms in schizophrenia to functioning of certain areas of the brain
(Reductionist) why can reductionism be seen as good?
Means it is scientific
Allows for research of isolated factors e.g. Brain function
(Not comprehensive theory) what symptoms of schizophrenia does the cognitive approach explain well?
Cognitive symptoms
(Not comprehensive theory) what symptoms are not explained well?
Non cognitive
E.g. Issues with movement
(Not comprehensive theory) what does it mean that the approach explains proximal causes but not distal?
Explains what causes symptoms but not the cause of the condition
(Not comprehensive theory) we need to be cautious about what?
Claims made by the cognitive approach as a single explanation
(Integrated model) is the cognitive explanation reductionist?
Yes
Reduced schizophrenia to disconnection of cognitive function
(Integrated model) why do we need to look at schizophrenia in a more holistic way?
Complex disorder with many contributing factors
(Integrated model) Howes and Murrays interrelated model proposes genes and factors in early life combine with what? To do what?
Life events and social stressors
To provoke dopamine release
(Integrated model) increased dopamine secretion causes issues in what?
Cognitive processing
Hallucinations and delusions
(Integrated model) the individual gets stuck in a vicious circle why?
Stress of symptoms promoted more dopamine and more symptoms
(Integrated model) suggests the cognitive explanation is insufficient alone but could what?
Contribute to a wider theory of schizophrenia
(Application) what does CBT help individuals with schizophrenia do?
Organise disordered thoughts in a rational way
To challenge symptoms
(Application) is CBT recommended?
Yes by NICE for those with onset of schizophrenia based on supporting evidence
