1.2.4 Bowlby Findings And Conclusions (PD) Flashcards
How many main personality types did Bowlby identify?
6
List the personality types:
- normal
- depressed
- circular
- hyperthymic
- affectionless
- schizoid
Describe the NORMAL personality type:
Children who’s characters were fairly normal and stable
Describe the DEPRESSED personality type:
Children who had been unstable but we’re now in a depressed state of mind
Describe the CIRCULAR personality type:
Children who were unstable showing alternating depression and over activity
Describe the HYPERTHYMIC personality:
Children who were constantly over active
Describe the AFFECTIONLESS personality type:
Children showing lack of normal affection, shame or sense of responsibility
Describe the SCHIZOID personality type:
Children showing schizoid or schizophrenic symptoms
Which personality type did Bowlby focus on?
The affectionless character
Of 44 thieves hoe many did Bowlby classify as affectionless?
14
Of the 14 affctionless thieves how many experienced frequent separations from their mothers?
12
Name a affectionless thief experiencing frequent early separations:
Derek B
Explain Derek B’s separation history:
- developed diphtheria
- hospitalised at 18 months
- in hospital for 9 months
- wasn’t visited by his parents
How many of the 30 non affectionless thieves experienced separations?
Only 5
In the control group (44 non thieves) how many experienced separations?
Only 2
Of the thieves not experiencing separations what did Bowlby find?
17 had mothers who were:
- anxious, irritable and fussy
OR
- rigid, domineering and oppressive
What did here’s traits mask according to Bowlby?
Unconscious hostility
What did 5 of the thieves not experiencing early separation have? Were these experiences reported by the control group?
- Fathers who hated them and expressed their hatred openly
- yes
What conclusions can we draw from this (father/mother personality)?
Early experienced may cause emotional problems but not delinquency
What is the main conclusion to be drawn?
Children would not have become offenders if they had not had experiences that were harmful to healthy development
What did Bowlby believe in?
- the psychodynamic approach
- he thought early experiences were of vital importance to later development
What experience/ relationship did Bowlby focus on?
The relationship between mother and child and the importance this has on emotional development
What did Bowlby suggest damage to the mother-child relationship would do?
It would affect the development of the SUPEREGO leading to a reduced sense of right and wrong
What other factors could influence juvenile delinquency?
Poverty
Poor housing
Lack of recreational facilities
If the findings of the study are correct what implications for treatment are there?
- Treatment should be offered
- but the process is slow and difficult
What is the preferable approach?
Prevention rather than treatment
How might prolonged separation by unavoidable?
Illness
Mothers death
If people are aware of the damage separation can cause what could happen?
Avoidance of separation in the first place preventing delinquency
In order to determine what experiences had caused the thieves to steal, what did bowlby first have to do?
Distinguish between the personality types
