1.1.1 Neurotransmitters (Bi)

Question 1

What are neurones?

Answer 1

Nerve cells that process and transmit electrochemical messages

Question 2

What do multiple neurones form?

Answer 2

A pathway

Question 3

Do neurons physically connect?

Answer 3

No

Question 4

What are the gaps between neurons?

Answer 4

Synapses

Question 5

How does the message get across the synapse?

Answer 5

By neurotransmitters

Question 6

What are neurotransmitters?

Answer 6

Electrochemical messengers that transfer messages across synaptic gaps from one neuron to the next

Question 7

What is re-uptake

Answer 7

The re-absorption of neurotransmitters (neurotransmitters can also be broken down)

Question 8

What do different neurotransmitters have?

Answer 8

Different effects on behaviour

Question 9

What is serotonin and what is it involved in?

Answer 9

A neurotransmitter involved in:
•sleep
•arousal levels
•emotional experience

Question 10

What are low levels of serotonin associated with?

Answer 10

• mood disorders
• eating disorders
• sleep disorders

Question 11

Give an example of a mood disorder that low levels of serotonin are linked with:

Answer 11

• Depression

Question 12

Give examples of behaviour associated with depression:

Answer 12

• withdrawal from activities
• self harm
• low personal hygiene

Question 13

Give an example of an eating disorder low levels of serotonin is associated with:

Answer 13

Bulimia

Question 14

Give examples of behaviours associated with bulimia:

Answer 14

• binging

* purging

Question 15

Give an example of a sleeping disorder low levels of serotonin are associated with:

Answer 15

• insomnia

Question 16

Give an example of a behaviour associated with insomnia:

Answer 16

• difficulty getting to sleep and staying asleep

Question 17

What does the neurotransmitter assumption say?

Answer 17

Behaviour can be explained in terms of neurotransmitter activity

Question 18

What is ACh?

Answer 18

The neurotransmitter associate with memory consolidation

Question 19

What is loss of ACh associated with?

Answer 19

Memory loss in Alzheimer’s disease

Question 20

What are behaviours associated with Alzheimer’s?

Answer 20

• sudden mood swings

* unpredicted violence

Question 21

What is dopamine?

Answer 21

The neurotransmitter involved in learning, arousal and pleasure

Question 22

What are high levels of dopamine associated with?

Answer 22

• addictions

* positive symptoms of schizophrenia (delusions and hallucinations)

Question 23

What is ACh?

Answer 23

The neurotransmitter associate with memory consolidation

Question 24

What is loss of ACh associated with?

Answer 24

Memory loss in Alzheimer’s disease

Question 25

What are behaviours associated with Alzheimer’s?

Answer 25

• sudden mood swings

* unpredicted violence

Question 26

What is dopamine?

Answer 26

The neurotransmitter involved in learning, arousal and pleasure

Question 27

What are high levels of dopamine associated with?

Answer 27

• addictions

* positive symptoms of schizophrenia (delusions and hallucinations)

Question 28

What is GABA?

Answer 28

Neurotransmitter which reduces the excitability of neurons and has a calming effect on the brain

Question 29

What are low levels of GABA associated with?

Answer 29

Anxiety, people become short tempered and withdraw from activities