1.3.2 Effectiveness & Ethics Of SD (Be) Flashcards
Who did Cafons et al treat?
20 people in Spain with aero phobia (experimental group)
What did Cafons et al treat the people with?
Systematic desensitisation
What did Cafons compare the experimental group to?
21 aerophobics not receiving SD (control group)
What research method and design did Cafons et al use?
A lab experiment with a independent measures design
How often did those in Cafons experimental group receive SD?
2 hours a week over 12-15 weeks
What percentage of patients with phobias respond successfully to SD, according to McGrath et al?
75%
What percentage of the 20 aerophobics receiving SD in Cafons study showed recovery?
90%
How many of the controls (not receiving SD) in Cafons study showed recovery?
5%
What are invivo techniques?
Directly confronting phobic stimuli (real life)
What are invitro techniques?
Imagining the presence of phobic stimuli
Did Cafons research use invivo or invitro techniques?
Both
Why is SD accessible as a therapy?
It can be self administered
What is self administered SD effective in treating according to Humphrey?
Social phobias
What did seligman argue regarding SD not treating all phobias?
SD would not work if treating phobias having an evolutionary explanation
Some psychologists argue that SD isn’t effective as you remove the symptoms of a phobia…
…not the underlying cause
What is symptom substitution?
Suppressing symptoms of a wider issue which results in the emergence of other symptoms
According to Freud what was little hans phobia of horses a result of?
Fear and envy of his father (phalic stage) projected onto the horse
Why would SD not have worked with little hans?
Hans fear would be cured only as he progressed through the psychosexual stages
According to some what is SD too?
Complicated and time consuming
Some say there are easier and quicker alternatives to SD, name one:
Flooding
What are less of an ethical issue with SD?
Valid consent and right to withdraw
Why are right to withdraw and valid consent less of an issue?
People with phobias have the insight and understanding that their behaviour is irrational
Why is valid consent and right to withdraw less of an issue in comparison to drug therapy?
As patients suffering with mental illness, receiving drug therapy often lack understanding
Why is SD considered an ethical therapy regarding client control?
Each step is conducted slowly at a pace dictated by the patient
What is less of an issue due to the patient moving at their own pace? Why?
Anxiety/harm
Because the patient only progresses when they are completely comfortable
Which causes more anxiety/harm, SD or flooding?
Flooding
What is one ethical issue of SD?
There is an element of stress and harm ad you are exposing the patient to their phobia, causing fear and anxiety
Why might it be better to expose the client to SD in he short term?
To reduce stress and anxiety in the long term
