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FIP > 32. Wounds and Injuries > Flashcards

32. Wounds and Injuries Flashcards

1
Q

What is a wound?

A

Disruption of normal tissue structures due to an application of force

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2
Q

What are the types of blunt injuries?

A

Bruises
Abrasions
Lacerations

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3
Q

What are the type of bruises?

A 
Intradermal
Subcutaneous
Contusions
Purpura
Petechiae
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4
Q

what are purpura?

A

Bruises smaller than a few mm

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5
Q

What are petechiae a sign of?

A

DIC

Asphyxiation

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6
Q

What does an intradermal bruise look like?

A

Superficial and red

Can retain the imprint of an object or clothing

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7
Q

What does a subcutaneous bruise look like?

A

Blue

Increases in size and changes shape over time

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8
Q

What is battle’s sign?

A

Bruise over the mastoid process

Related to a fracture at the base of the skull

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9
Q

What is the name given to 2 parallel bruises with a line of undamaged skin in the middle?

A

Tramline bruises

Occurs when skin is struck by a rod-shaped object

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10
Q

When do abrasions occur?

A

After skin is struck or a fall onto a rough surface

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11
Q

What ways can abrasions be useful in determining the cause of death?

A

Can retain surface characteristics of an object

Direction of the force can be determined from torn epidermis

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12
Q

What are lacerations?

A

Gashes, tears or cuts of skin

Especially over bony areas

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13
Q

What is a degloving injury?

A

Skin torn off by wheels of a motorised vehicle when rotating

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14
Q

What is the definition of a stab wound?

A

Surface injury that is deeper than it is wide

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15
Q

Give a few examples of features of a stab wound

A

Slightly shorter than the blade width as the skin contracts
Hilt of the blade might leave bruises
Fishtails if the blade was moved

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16
Q

What is an incised wound?

A

Length>depth

Uninjured margins

17
Q

What features of a wound can be used to age it?

A

Colour of bruises
Scab formation and scarring
Histological: iron/haemosiderin deposition
IHC

18
Q

What does the entry wound from a shot gun look like?

A

About same diameter as barrel
Scorched around edge of the wound
Close shots might leave wad of shotgun inside

19
Q

At what distance can satellite pellets be seen with a shot gun wound?

A

> 2m

20
Q

What does the entry hole of a rifle look like?

A

Neat entry hole smaller than diameter of bullet
Edges soiled with bullet grease
Edges of wound invert into body
Star-shaped entry wound to skull

21
Q

What possible injuries might a driver in an RTA sustain?

A

Glass damage to head
Abrasions, lacerations and fractures to below waist
Bruising and fractures to trunk and upper limb
Eye injuries from sodium azide in airbags

22
Q

What effect can bumper height have on a pedestrian’s injuries?

A

Above centre of gravity: knocked down

Below causes an adult to be picked up and a child to be knocked over

FIP (36 decks)

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