22. Pathology of nodal and bone marrow metastasis Flashcards

1
Q

What drains to inguinal lymph nodes?

A

Lower 1/2 of GIT
Genitals
Melanoma of lower limb

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2
Q

Why is it unusual to get a squamous cell carcinoma on the lower limb?

A

More likely to get one on head, neck or lower arms as they occur where the skin is uncovered

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3
Q

What drains to supraclavicular lymph nodes?

A

Upper GIT

Bronchi

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4
Q

What drains to cervical lymph nodes?

A

Oro and naso pharynx

Head and neck carcinoma

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5
Q

What disease should be suspected in a 20-40 year old with an enlarged cervical node?

A

Hodgkin’s lymphoma

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6
Q

What drains to axillary lymph nodes?

A

Breast

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7
Q

How can a squamous metastasis be identified?

A

Keratin production

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8
Q

How can gland metastasis be identified?

A

Mucin

Tubules

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9
Q

What protein indicates epithelial tissue?

A

Cytokeratin

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10
Q

What protein indicates connective tissue?

A

Vimentin

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11
Q

What marker shows a neoplasm is lymphoid?

A

CD45

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12
Q

What marker shows a metastasis a melanoma originally?

A

S100P

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13
Q

Which cancers commonly metastasise to bone?

A
Breast
Prostate
Bronchus
Kidney 
Thyroid
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14
Q

What general principles allow you to recognise a metastasis in bone?

A

Usually one spot
Stromal reaction (fibrosis, inflammation, necrosis)
Reticulin stain

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