3.2 -- Structure Function of the Heart

Question 1

Where does the right atrium receive blood from? It is oxygenated or deoxygenated?

Answer 1

Deoxygenated blood from the body

Question 2

Where does the left atrium receive blood from? It is oxygenated or deoxygenated?

Answer 2

Oxygenated blood from the lungs

Question 3

Where does the right ventricle pump blood to? It is oxygenated or deoxygenated?

Answer 3

Deoxygenated blood to the lungs

Question 4

Where does the left ventricle pump blood to? It is oxygenated or deoxygenated?

Answer 4

Oxygenated blood to the body

Question 5

What separates the ventricles from the atria and forms the annuli fibrosi rings, which hold in heart valves?

Answer 5

Fibrous skeleton

Question 6

Do the atrias and ventricles work as one single unit or two separate units?

Answer 6

Two units

Question 7

Do both atria contract together?

Answer 7

Yes

Question 8

The pulmonary circulation is between what two things?

Answer 8

The heart and lungs

Question 9

In the pulmonary circulation, blood pumps to the lungs via what?

Answer 9

Pulmonary arteries

Question 10

In the pulmonary circulation, blood returns to the heart via what?

Answer 10

Pulmonary veins

Question 11

The systemic circulation is between what two things?

Answer 11

The heart and body tissues

Question 12

In the systemic circulation, blood pumps to the body tissues via what?

Answer 12

Aorta

Question 13

In the systemic circulation, blood returns to the heart via what?

Answer 13

Superior and inferior vena cava

Question 14

What is the source, arteries, veins, termination, and O2 content of both the veins and arteries for the pulmonary and systemic circulation?

Answer 14

Pulmonary Source: Right ventricle
Pulmonary Arteries: Pulmonary arteries, low O2
Pulmonary Veins: Pulmonary veins, high O2
Pulmonary Termination: Left atrium

Systemic Source: Left ventricle
Systemic Arteries: Aorta and its branches, high O2
Systemic Veins: Venae cavae, low O2
Systemic Termination: Right atrium

Question 15

How does the blood leave the heart?

Answer 15

An artery

Question 16

Where are the atrioventricular (AV) valves located?

Answer 16

Between the atria and ventricle

Question 17

What prevents the valves from everting?

Answer 17

Papillary muscles and chordae tendineae

Question 18

Which AV valve is between the right ventricle and atrium?

Answer 18

Tricuspid valve

Question 19

Which AV valve is between the left ventricle and atrium?

Answer 19

Bicuspid/mitral valve

Question 20

Where are the semilunar valves located?

Answer 20

Between the ventricles and arteries leaving the heart

Question 21

What semilunar valve is in the right ventricle?

Answer 21

Pulmonic valve

Question 22

What semilunar valve is in the left ventricle?

Answer 22

Aortic valve

Question 23

Do valves open one-way or two?

Answer 23

One-way

Question 24

When pressure is higher on the leading side, the valve will what?

Answer 24

Open

Question 25

When pressure is lower on the leading side, the valve will what?

Answer 25

Close

Question 26

What valves are located at the entrance of the ventricles and which are located at the exit?

Answer 26

AV valves at the entrance, semilunar valves at the exit

Question 27

What produces heart sounds?

Answer 27

Produced by closing valves

Question 28

The "lub" sound is produced by the AV valves closing. This means it also occurs when?

Answer 28

Start of ventricular systole/end of ventricular diastole

Question 29

The "dub" sound is produced by the semilunar valves closing. This means it also occurs when?

Answer 29

Beginning of diastole/end of ventricular systole

Question 30

The cardiac cycle means that pumping is what?

Answer 30

Periodic

Question 31

What is systole?

Answer 31

Contraction of ventricular heart muscle

Question 32

What is diastole?

Answer 32

Relaxation of ventricular heart muscle

Question 33

When the heart contracts, it generates what? This pumps blood out of the what and into the what?

Answer 33

Pressure, ventricles, and arteries

Question 34

Ejection of blood occurs during contraction, which means what for pressure? What about the volume?

Answer 34

High pressure and high volume which decreases

Question 35

Filling of blood occurs during relaxation, which means what for pressure? What about the volume?

Answer 35

Very low pressure and low volume which increases

Question 36

Ventricular filling occurs during diastole. What does that mean for pressure? Which valves are open?

Answer 36

Very low pressure with the AV valve open

Question 37

Isovolumetric contraction occurs during the start of systole. What does that mean for pressure? Which valves are open?

Answer 37

Developing pressure with no valves open

Question 38

Ventricular ejection occurs during systole. What does that mean for pressure? Which valves are open?

Answer 38

High pressure with semilunar valve open

Question 39

Isovolumetric relaxation occurs during the start of diastole. What does that mean for pressure? Which valves are open?

Answer 39

Falling pressure with no valves open