1.3 -- Epithelial Cells Flashcards
What are the four primary tissue types?
Muscle, nervous, epithelial, and connective
What is the difference between the internal and external environment?
The external environment is a tube that is not enclosed, such as the digestive system having two openings to the external environment.
What is the cavity within a tube through which fluid or other substances can travel?
Lumen
Is the lumen always the internal environment for organs?
No as the digestive system is a good example of this
Which type of gland, like a sweat gland goes to the outside environment?
Exocrine gland
What type of gland, like the hypothalamus, thyroid, or adrenal, stays inside?
Endocrine gland
What is 2/3rds of the total body water volume and what is 1/3rd of it between the ECF and ICF?
2/3rds – ICF
1/3rd – ECF
Physical isolation, regulation of exchange with the environment, structural support, and communication between the cell and its environment are the functions of the what?
Cell membrane
What is 75% of the ECF volume which lies between the circulatory system and the cells?
Interstitial fluid
Cytosol, membranous organelles, inclusions, and protein fibers are four parts of the what part of the cell?
Cytoplasm
Cytoskeleton, centrioles, cilia, and flagella are the four components of what?
Protein fibers
Exchange, transporting, ciliated, protective, and secretory are the five functions of the what?
Epithelium cells
What two epithelial types are columnar or cuboidal?
Transporting and ciliated
What epithelial type has many layers?
Protective and sometimes secretory
What type of signaling involves glands that secrete hormones into the bloodstream and reach multiple target cells?
Endocrine signaling
What type of signaling involves cells within an organ that secrete molecules that diffuse across the extracellular space to nearby target cells and is often called local signaling?
Paracrine signaling
What is the transport of digestive products across intestinal epithelium into the blood?
Absorption
What is movement of molecules through the cytoplasm of the epithelial cells?
Transcellular transport
What is the movement across the tiny gaps between cells?
Paracellular transport
What type of transport is limited by cell-cell adhesion complexes?
Paracellular transport
Zonula accludens are also called what, which do not allow for easy diffusion?
Tight junctions
