1.4 -- Transport Flashcards
The plasma membrane is selectively permeable. Which of these two groups is generally permeable and which is not?
Ions, nutrients, and wastes
Proteins, nucleic acids, or other large molcules
Generally – Ions, nutrients, and wastes
Generally Not – Proteins, nucleic acids, or other large molcules
Which type of transport does not involve ATP?
Diffusion
Which three transport types require a membrane protein?
Facilitated diffusion, primary active transport, and secondary active transport
Which three transport types use a membrane-bound vesicle?
Exocytosis, phagocytosis, and endocytosis
What creates a concentration gradient for secondary active transport?
Primary active transport
Passive transport does not require ATP and involves moving from a blank concentration to a blank concentration, like in diffusion?
Higher to lower
Active transport requires ATP and specific carrier ‘pumps’ and involves moving from a blank concentration to a blank concentration?
Lower to higher
Do transport proteins always exist in the plasma membrane or be inserted when needed?
Yes
Which two transport types need special carrier proteins?
Secondary active transport or facilitated diffusion
Amino acids, glucose, and other organic molecules need carrier-mediated proteins (pumps) as they are too large or blank? This can lead to saturation as there’s only a specific amount available
Polar
Primary active transport occurs when hydrolysis of ATP occurs, which makes the transport protein an blank enzyme, which hydrolyzes ATP?
ATPase
Na+/K+ATPase (Pump) is found in all body cells. What two functions does it have?
Regulate membrane potential and provide energy for secondary active transport
ATPase enzyme pumps what element out of the cell and which into the cell?
Na+ out of the cell and K+ into the cell.
Secondary active transport is also called?
Coupled transport
Why can secondary active transport happen?
Sodium is moved back into the cell (down its concentration gradient)
What is a common way to transport glucose, seen in SGLTs?
Symport/cotransport
What type of transport fuses with the cell membrane, requires ATP, and is used to secrete large molecules such as proteins, hormones, and neurotransmitters?
Exocytosis
What two things does osmosis need to occur?
A path and concentration gradient
What is the total number of osmotically active particles?
Osmolality
1 molality of NaCl has how many osmolalities?
2 Osm
