32. Concurrent diseases Flashcards
Why diabetic patients have a higher risk of difficult intubation
Because an increase of production of no normal proteins. This proteins weaken endothelium and decrease elastance
Electrolyte disbalance in ketacidosis
HypoK, HypoNa, HypoPh
Hypocalcemia symptoms
Stridor, cramps, elongated QT, Chovstek (alsoTrousseau), pakinsonism, tetany…
Thyroxine binding globulin, factors affecting
Side effect on vincristine and vinblastine
Vincristine peripheral neuropathy and SIADH
Vinblastine Myelotoxicity
Radiation damage
Lungs 1500
Kidney 2400 rads
Heart 3000
Spinal cord 4000
Intestine 5500
Brain 6000
Bone 7500
Verapamil (ACE inh) and anesthesia
decrease blood pressure
decrease anesthetic requirements (like lithium)
increase NMBA action
% of patients with early seizure after TBI
30%
Carcinoid tumor and heart involvement
Usually limited to right side (TR)
Shortest and longest bb half life
Esmolol 9 min
Nadolol 17-24h
Difference between HR on deep inspiration
Usually 15 bpm
Aldosterone characteristics
Zona glomerulosa of adrenal cortex
Acts on distal renal tubule
Reabsorption of Na at the expense of K and H
Best test for pheochromocytoma
Clinical: Headache, HT, sweating, tachicardia
Pregnancy and thyroid
Elevates TGB + T4 (due to estrogen)
Calcium and albumin
Ca depends on the albumin level. Decrease of 0.8 in Ca for every mg of albumin (ratio Ca/alb 0.8/1)
SIAHD and DI
Both of them problems with ADH
SIADH too much
DI too little
Smoking ceseation
3 weeks improve wound healing
< 4 weeks doesn’t improve respiratory complications
Creatine clearance formula
(140-age) x weight / (72 x Cr)
Diabetes insipidus before surgery
100 mU Vasopressin + 100 in the next hour
Anaphylactoid reaction
No IgE
No need previous exposure
First sign of hyperK
HR not stable
Treatment for carcinoid symptoms
Ocreotide
Glucocorticoids potency
HydroC 1
C 0.8
Pred 4
MehtylP 5
Betam 25
Dexa 30
Copper funtion
Energy
Connective tissue
Blood vessels
Maintain nervous system
Inmune system
Sheehan syndrome
Post partum hypopituitarism caused by necrosis of the pituitary gland
HypoThy Irregular periods Low sugar Low BP, breastfeeding, sex drive
Renal tubular failure causes…
Uremia
Down syndrome charac
Congenital heart lesion
acetal occipital instability
Upper airway infections
Thyroid dysfunction
