3.1 creation of a dictatorship, 1933-34 Flashcards
Why was hitlers power limited as Chancellor on 30 jan 1933?
he is Controlled by weimer constitution
hindenburg more powerful
only 2 of the 12 people in cabinet were NSDAP members
What was the Reaichstag Fire and why was it significant for HItlers rise to fuhrer? (what it lead to…)
27 feb 1933, reichstag cuaght on fire. Communist, marinus was blamed, who was found guilty and put on trial with four others. claimed he acted alone, and was executed.
{so hitler used this to suggest this was part of a communist conspiracy against the government. }
Significance Persuading Hindenburg to declare a state of emergency, making hitler use decrees to govern germany with hindenburg support, and called for an election in march 1933
What did hitter do before the march 1933 elections to gain support?
used the decrees to imprison his political opposition and ban communist newsapapers
-Hitler can ensure that SA could do violent activities in seceret
-persuaded industrialists (gustav) to bankroll nazi campaigns. mean 3 mil marks donated in one meeting
what were the results of the 1933 march election?
nazis increased reichstag meembers to 288. With there also being less communist seats due to hitlers use of decrees, banning them.
This meant he had two thirds majority in reichstag. hence he had enough votes to change the republic
what did hitler due after the succes of the marh 1933 election
he proposed the enabling act in reichstag
what was the enabling act?
a law stating hitler, was the law for the removal of the distress of the people and reich
also stated
*reich cabinet pass new laws
*laws overruled by Weimar constitution
*most importantly—proposed by hitler
{was supported by nazis, and moderate parties, however poeple were intimidated to vote ft them. hence passed by 44 votes to 92} Ending the democratic rule
how did hitler remove opposition after passing the enabling act?(include trade unions, political parties and gov!!!!!)
-[he believed trade unions used by communist]so Nazis broke into trade union offices, arresting officials. Also Hitler ban trade unions, making strikes illegal
-to remove politic parties, he raided, there offices and destroyed their newspapers and confiscated their funds.(july1933 made all political parties illegal, except NSDAP)
Why did HItler and others Think Ernest Rohm was a threat to them?
-SA members were loyal to Rohm, not hitler, with the SA numbering 3 million, follwing the merge with the army veterans, meant he could challenge hitlers position
-Rohm beleived in the socailist side of the NSDAP, and esnted to tax the rich and help working class. opposing hitlers policies
-poeple feared that Rohm wanted to replace the german army, that only had 100,000 men
-Hienrich Himmler and Reinhard Heydrich resented rohm, so wanted to reduce his power so they gained more power.(both leaders of SS
in response to Rohm, what event happened in 1934
The night of the long knives
what happened at the night of the long knives? (1934 30 june)
Hitler arranged to meat Rohm and 100 other SA leders at a hotel in bavarian. Where they were arrested when they arrived. Who were then imprisoned and then shot.
on 2nd of july, it had been announced that rohm was planning a second revolution. justifying killing him on 1 july in stadelheim prison
what happened to the SA after the night of the long knives?
They went under hitlers control
what was the consequences of Hindenburg death on 2nd august 1934?
-Hitler declared himself Fuhrer, saying he would add all presidant power to those already held as chancellor
-Hitler forced an oath of loyalty to every soldier in the army
then 19 august a vote proceeded which had 90% if votes in favour of this. Although was heavily supported by prpeganda.
{{ended wiemer republic}}
