1.1The Origons Of The Republic 1918-19 Flashcards
How many German troops had died during the war?
Over two million
How did the British navy affect the germs people during the war?
They blocked ports, preventing German ships importing food.
(Cause 750,000 Germans to die from food shortage)
When did the Kaiser abdícate?
9 November 1918
When was the armistice sighted and what was it?
11 November 1918. And was an agreement to end all war
What were the ecenomic impacts of the ww1(3)
-farm lands were left bare and crops wasted as farmers fought in war. (Milk production fell by 50%
•machinery destroyed, not fit for purpose
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How did friedrich ebert increase confidence in the weimar republic in 1918-1919
-civil servants that worked under kisser stay in office ti work alongside soldiers
-reassured general groener army not reformed
-no nationalisation of private industries (coal/shipping industry)
-support trade unions. Promised 8 hour working day.
What were the strengths of Weimar constitution?
- allowed women to vote for first time in Germany
-reduce voting age from 25 to 21 - was proportional representation: parties get same proportion of seats as proportion of votes in election(easier/ fairer on for smaller parties)
-presidant can choose chancellor. Electorate change president .[chancellor] decide laws passed
[reichsrat] can delay new laws passed by reichstag
What were the weaknesses of Weimar constitution?
No single party has clear majority due to proportional representation. So people start coalitions, result in unclear policies. Sometimes falling apart
•lack of strong , single party government was problematic in crisis. {article 48 says in crisis chancellor ask president to pass laws rather than rely on votes}(looked weak)
•built upon violence, as relied on army to subdue public riots in Berlin .nationalist and communis oppose constitution
Explain what happened after the kaiser abdicated in 1918?
-on 9 November, Scheidemann, after hearing the rioters in the german revolution were going to announce a communist government in berlin. He rushed to proclaim at the reichstag that there was a new republic,and appealed for a peaceful transition.
-On same day Kiasers chancellor handed over his office to freidrich Ebert SPD leader. Who on 10 november made and agreement with Groener for the army to fight of the communists.
-Also on 10 November, the council of peoples representatives was formed, who would head the government until new constitution formed.
{these led to SPD to take control of Germany, preventing communisms]
what was the occurred in the 1919 elections to choose an new national assembly?
- 19jan 1919
about 82% of electorate voted, where moderate parties gained most of the seats(SPD won 40% and centre party won 20%) so they met in 1919 february in weimer due to the unrest in berlin. and agreed to from Weimar constitution.
