2.2Munich Putsch And Lean Years Flashcards
What was the Munich Putsch?
-1923 revolt intended to overthrow the Weimar Republic
What were the long term reasons for the Munich putsch?
-the reparations Germans had to pay
-the loss of German colonies
-The “stab in the back myth” built resentment for Weimar Republic
-the Bavarian leaders disliked Weimar Republic. Has similar views to NSDAP.
-NSDAP had over 50,000 members
What were the medium term reason for the Munich putsch?
The march on rome, by Mussolini. A fascist. Which forced democratic government of Italy to accept him as leader. Inspired Hitler
What were the short term reasons for the Munich putsch?
-hyperinflation was at its peak in 1923. Causing the economy to crumble
-also in 1923 French troops occupied Ruhr, to exploit raw materials. Meaning workers that resisted were imprisoned
-this made Germans angry. Making Weimar more weak. So Hitler wanted to exploit these problems.
What happened at the start of the events of the munisch putsch? (Beer hall)
-Hitler and 600 SA burst in beer hall. Hitler shot into ceiling. Declaring he would
-take bavaria,
-march onto Berlin to overthrow Weimar
-And Ludendorff become German army leader.
He then demand kahr, dessert and losses to support him. Which they reluctantly shook hand to agree
(Röhm also took over local police)
What happened in the Munich putsch after Hitler left beer hall?
Ludendorff released Kahr, seisser and lossow
What happened the next morning after the Munich putsch?
-5am Hitler and his supporters gathered to launch attack in Munich streets
Supported by 1000 SA
-marched too town centre to declare Hitler president of Germany
What happened once Hitler marched onto town square at Munich putsch?
-they met the police state. Who the nazis pressured with guns. And spat in them. Leading to someone to open fire.
Chaos ensured:
-goering got shot in thigh
-Hitler dislocated his left arm
-14 of Hitler supporters and 4 police were shot dead
What happened after the Munich putsch descended to chaos?
-rebels scrambled for refuge. Hiding in girls schools beds
-Ludendorff, Röhm and stretcher arrested. Goering went into hiding
-Hitler fled today friends house, Ernest, but was caught hiding in a wardrobe and arrested
What were the consequences of the Munich putsch?
Hitler relises he needs new strategy to gain power(not violence but democracy)
-Hitler used his trail to publicise his views
-NSDAP we’re banned until 1925 in Munich
-nazi won 32 seats in reichstag election in 1924
-in prison he wrote mein kampf Containing political ideas for nazi inspiration
What did Hitler do during his time in prison?
-Used it as “free education”
-wrote ‘’mein kampf” illustrate his ideas
What racist views did Hitler present in his mein kampf?
-believed Aryan race destined to rule the world
-that Jews planned to weaken the aryan race by intermarriage and taking over social democratic part
What views did Hitler express in mein Kampf, that were similar to early NSDAP views?
•nationalism: stress need for lebensraum and invade Russian land to drive out communists and provide for farmer land
•socialism: wealthy landowners land instead benefit working German
People
•totalitarianism: remove democracy power in state. Hitler as the only leader
• traditional family values: male & female roles, is good work ethic, Christian morality
What happens after Hitler was released from prison in 1924?
-ban on NSDAP was lifted in 1925 feb 16
- able to reluanch NSDAP at meeting in Munich 1925
How was Hitler able to reorganize the nazi party to gain more power?
-the nazi party headquarters
-creation of national nazi party
-the schutstuffel (ss)
What was and who was involved in the nazi party headquarters?
-was central hub for nazi party
-philipp boahler appointed security
-Fran’s schwarz appointed party treasure(made sure nazis were well organized and financed
What aspects was Hitler in control of in the nazi party?
-finance
-foreign affairs
-industry
-agriculture
-education
What were Gauleiters?
-Local leader of nazi party
-were rarely appointed(Gregor stressor in north Germany )later on Joseph goebbels)
How did Hitler raise finance in the nazi party?
-raised money from wealthy industrialists that had similar views
(Receive loans from Bosch)
What were the schutzstraffel(ss)?
-smaller group than SA
-specially selected members trusted to be butlers personal body guard
-(1930),under leadership of Heinrich Himmler, expanded members to 3000
-(1932) black uniforms introduced were menacing
Why did Hitler want to change the SA?
-Stormtroopers we’re violent thugs difficult to control
-SA became loyal to Ernest Röhm whilst he was in prison
What where the reason for the banners conference?(1926?
-Strasser and Goebbels in the north industrial areas. Emphasized socialist part of NSDAP
-whilst Hitler in rural areas. Emphasized nationalism of NSDAP
[splitting the party]
What occurred in the banners conference?
-strasser put their views forward
-Hitler stated it seemed ‘socialist’ wing were more like communists
-Hitler persuaded Goebbels to abandon Stresser. Stressed called Goebbels “scheming dwarf”
What was the impact of the Hamburg conference?
-Hitler clearly held control of Nazi party
-Goebbels became Gauleiter of Berlin
-Strasser was untrustworthy
-weakened socialist principles
Why was there limited support for nazis in 1923-1929?
-stresseman:
•Dawes plan
•young plan
{Restored economy so less need for extremist parties}
(Moderate SPD won 30% of General election)
•membership of the league
• Paul van Hindenburg became president, increasing Weimar support
[1928- wNazi won 1% of votes in berlin(industrialized)]
What were the results for the Nazis in may 1928 general election?
-Won 12 seats
-seventh biggest party in reichstag
-polled 810,000 votes (2.6% of total votes)
