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Psyyy > 301 E > Flashcards

301 E Flashcards

1
Q

Variable

A

Any factor or attribute that can assume two or more variables

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2
Q

Qualitative variable

A

Represent properties that differ in type

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3
Q

Quantitative

A

Represent properties that differ in amount

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4
Q

Discrete variables

A

Between two adjacent values there are no intermediate values

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5
Q

Continuous variables

A

Intermediate values are possible

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6
Q

Situational variables

A

Characteristic that Differs across environment and stimuli

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7
Q

Subject variable

A

Characteristic hat differs across individuals

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8
Q

Hypothetical constructs

A

Underlying characteristics or processes that are not directly observed but instead inferred from measured behavior or outcomes

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9
Q

Mediator variable

A

A variable that provides a casual link in sequence between independent and dependent

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10
Q

Moderator variable

A

A factor that alters the the strength or direction of relation between the independent and dependent variable

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11
Q

Operational definition

A

Refers to defining a variable in terms of the procedures used to measure or manipulate it

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12
Q

Measurement

A

The process of systematically assigning values to represent attributes of Organisms objects or events

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13
Q

Scale sod measurement

A

Refers to rules for assigning scale values to measurements

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14
Q

Nominal scale

A

The scale values represent only qualitative differences of the attribute of negative

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15
Q

Ordinal scale

A

The different scale values represent relative differences in the amount of some attribute

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16
Q

Interval scale

A

Equal distance between values on scale

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17
Q

Ratio scale

A

True zero point

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18
Q

Accuracy

A

Represents the degree to which the measure yields results that agree with a known standard

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19
Q

Systematic error

A

Also called bias

A consistent degree of error that occurs with each measurement

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20
Q

Reliability

A

Assed by examining consistency

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21
Q

Random measurement error

A

Random fluctuations that occur during a measurement and cause the obtained scores to deviate from truth

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22
Q

Test retest reliability

A

Determined by administering the same participants on two or more occasions under same conditions

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23
Q

Split half reliability

A

The items that compose a test are divided into two subsets an correlation between each is determined

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24
Q

Inter observer reliability

A

Represents the degree to which independent observers share agreement in observations

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25
Q

Validity

A

Con we truthfully infer that measure actually does what it claims to do

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26
Q

Face validity

A

Concerns the degree to which the items on a measure appear to me reasonable

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27
Q

Content validity

A

Represents the degree to which items on a measure adequately represent the entire range or set of items that could be included

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28
Q

Criterion validity

A

Addresses the relation between scores and outcome

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29
Q

Construct validity

A

A measure trips asses the construct that it claims to asses

30
Q

Convergent validity

A

Scores on a measure should correlate highly with scores on other measures of same construct

31
Q

Discrimination validity

A

Cores on a measure should not correlate to strongly with score of other constructs

32
Q

Experimental control

A

Manipulate independent variable
Chose dependent variable
Regulate environment

33
Q

Confounding variable

A

A factor that covaries with the independent in such a way that we can no longer determine which one causes the change

34
Q

Between subjects design

A

Different participants Are assigned to each condition

35
Q

Random assessment

A

Eachbparticpant has an equal probability of being assigned to any one of the conduction sin the experiment

36
Q

Within subjects design

A

Each participant engages in every condition of the experiment one or more times

37
Q

Counter balancing

A

A procedure in which the order of comfituins is varied so that no condition has an advantage

38
Q

Experimental condition

A

Involves exposing participants to treatment or an active level of independent variable

39
Q

Control condition

A

Participants do not receive treatment

40
Q

Independent groups design

A

Participants are randomly assigned to various conditions

41
Q

Block randomization

A

We conduct a single round of conditions, then another, then another, with each round conditions order random

42
Q

Matching variable

A

A characteristic of which we match sets of individuals as closely as possible

43
Q

Matched groups

A

Each participant set that has been matched is randomly assigned to various conditions

44
Q

Progressive effected

A

Reflect changes in participants responses which result from their cumulative exposure

45
Q

Carryover effect

A

Responses influenc d by conditions preceding it

46
Q

All possible order design

A

Every possible condition sequence

47
Q

Random selected order design

A

From the entire set of all possibl orders, a subset is randomly selected

48
Q

Block randomization design

A

Every participant exposed to multiple blocks each block a new random order of conditions

49
Q

Reverse counter balancing

A

Each participant receives a random order of all conditions and then again in reverse order

50
Q

Mixed factorial design

A

A factorial design that involves at least one between and one within subject variable

51
Q

Main effect

A

Occurs when an independent variable has an overall effect on dependent

52
Q

Interaction

A

The way a iv influences dv differs dependedingvanother iv

53
Q

Simple main effects

A

Represent the effects of one iv at a particular level of another I v

54
Q

Person x situation factorial design

A

An experiment that incorporated at least on subject variable and one manipulated situational variable

55
Q

Quasi experiment

A

Has some factor of an experiment but lacks environmental control

56
Q

One group post test design

A

A treatment occurs and afterward the dependent variable is measured once

57
Q

Simple interrupted time Servis

A

Dv is repeatedly measured at intervals before and after a treatment interaction

58
Q

Selection interaction

A

The interaction of selection with another threat to interval validity

59
Q

Post test only design with non equivalent group

A

Participants in one condition are wxposed to treat ment and an non equivalent group is not

60
Q

Needs assessment

A

Determined whether there is a need for a social program and the general steps required to meet that need

61
Q

Program theory and design assessment

A

Evaluated the rationale for why in program has been or will be designed a particular way

62
Q

Process evaluation

A

Determined whether a program has been implemented as intended

63
Q

Outcome evaluation

A

As sessed a programs affectiveness

64
Q

Contamination

A

Knowledge services or experienced intended for one groups received my another

65
Q

Efficiency assessment

A

Weighs benifits and cost

66
Q

Program diffusion

A

Implementing and maintaining effective programs in other setting

67
Q

Program evaluation

A

Involves the use of research methods to asses need for design implementation and effectiveness at a social intervention.

68
Q

Abab

A

Withdrawal design

69
Q

Multiple baseline design for across behaviors

A

The same treatment is applied to two or more distinct behaviors of the same individual and the switch from baseline to treatment periods is staggered across behaviors

70
Q

Changing criterion design

A

An initial baseline phase

Treatment lasts until criterion becomes stable

Psyyy (10 decks)

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