3. Science Stuff

Question 1

Physics

Answer 1

The study of the nature of matter and energy and its interactions in the fields of mechanics (kinematics and dynamics), electricity and magnetism, waves (light-optics & sound-acoustics), fluids, heat, atomics structure, and nuclear structure (including radiation).

Question 2

The Measures of Science

Answer 2

1. Qualitative Measurements 2. Quantitative Measurements

Question 3

Qualitative Measurements

Answer 3

Observations that involve no measurements or units.

Question 4

Quantitative Measurements

Answer 4

Observations that involve measurements or numbers w/ units.

Question 5

Scientific Notation aka (Exponential)

Answer 5

To make it easy to calculate by writing a scientific notation(1x10¹²m)instead of a long form like 1,000,000,000,000 m.

Question 6

What are the steps to do the Scientific Exponential Notation?

Answer 6

1. Rewrite # by moving the decimal place to make a number greater than or equal to 1 land less than 10. (e.g., 123456789 or 8.9/9.6/ etc.)
2. Place a “x10–” and count how many decimal places you moved the decimal to achieve step 1.
3. If the number was originally greater than 1 write the number of decimals counted in step 2 in the blank of step 2.
4. If the nu,ber was originally less than 1 write the number of ecimals counted in step 2 in the blank of step 2 but put a - in front of it to indicate this.

Question 7

Simplify to a scientific notation.

100

Answer 7

1x10²

Question 8

Simplify to a scientific notation.

0.005

Answer 8

5x10^-3

Question 9

Simplify to a scientific notation.

443.2

Answer 9

4.432x10²

Question 10

Simplify to a scientific notation.

299,790,000

Answer 10

2.9979x10⁸

Question 11

Simplify to a scientific notation.

0.000054

Answer 11

5.4x10^-5

Question 12

Significant Digits in Measurements

Answer 12

The valid digits in measurement aka sig figs (significant figures)

Question 13

Rules for determining the number of significant figures in a measurement.

Answer 13

1. Non zero numbers are always significant.
   (e. g., 2.84 km = 3 sig figs// 1.87x = 3 sig figs)
2. All final zeros after a decimal point are significant.
   (e. g., 7.360 s = 4 sig figs// 75.0 kg = 3 sig figs)
3. Leading zeros used solely as place holders are not significant.
   (e. g., 0.00345 = 3 sig figs// 0.023 = 2 sig figs)
4. Zeros between two other significant digits are always significant.
   (e. g., 2804 m = 4 sig figs// 0.003086 = 4 sig figs)
5. Zeros located at the end of a number & to the left of a decimal point MAY BE significant (need to look at what the accuracy is)
   (e. g., 20C (accurate to the ones place) = 2 sig figs//

2000 kg (accurate to the tens place) = 3 sig figs.)

Question 14

What to Remember in Arithmetic with Significant Figures

Answer 14

The result can never be more precise than the least precise number.

Question 15

Rules of Arithmetic with Significant Figures

Answer 15

Rule #1: Addition and Subtraction

To add or subtract measurements, first perform the operation, then round off the answer to last decimal place of the least precise measurement.

e. g., 24.686 m + 2.341 m + 3.2 m = 30.2 (30.227)
2. 456 s - 0.03 = 2.43 (2.426)

Rule #2: Multiplication and Division

A different rule governs multiplication and division. After performing a calculation, note the measurement with the smallest number of significant figures and round your final answer to this number of significant figures.

3. 22cm x 2.1cm = 6.8 (6.762)
4. 5m/3.414 = 10.7 (10.6912712360867)

Question 16

Significant Figures when Taking Measurements

Answer 16

When recording measurements taken during an experiment, you must always record them with the correct number of significant figures based on the tool for measuring. OR THE ROCKET WILL EXPLODE!

Question 17

Converting to base unit formula

Answer 17

Measurement in original unit x Multiplier New Unit

1 Multplier Original Unit

This is equal to Measurement with new Units

Question 18

The precision of measurement is

Answer 18

how well several measurements of the same quantity agree.

Question 19

The accuracy of the measurement is…

Answer 19

how well several measurements are correct.

Question 20

Percent Error

Answer 20

Is a means to quantify the accuracy of our measurements. Percent error less than 20% is considered accurate.

Question 21

Percent error formula

Answer 21

Question 22

Percent Deviation

Answer 22

is a means to quantify the precision of our measurements. Percent deviation less than 20% is considered precise.

Question 23

Percent deviation formula

Answer 23