3 Neural circuits of learning and memory

Question 1

What are the 4 step of memory formation

Answer 1

(1) Encoding
(2) Storage
(3) Consolidation
(4) Retrieval

Question 2

Which brain region is involved in the sensory memory?

Answer 2

Neocortex

Question 3

Which brain region is involved in the working memory?

Answer 3

Frontal lobe

Question 4

What are the 2 types of short term memory?

Answer 4

sensory memory and working memory

Question 5

What are the 2 main types of long term memory?

Answer 5

Declarative (Explicit) memory and Non-declarative (Implicit) memory

Question 6

What are the 2 types of declarative (explicit) memory?

Answer 6

Semantic memory and episodic memory

Question 7

What are the 4 types of Non-declarative (implicit) memory?

Answer 7

priming, procedural, associative learning (conditioning), and non-associative learning (habituation, sensitization)

Question 8

Which brain region is involved in the declarative (explicit) memory?

Answer 8

Medial temporal lobe, Hippocampus, Thalamus

Question 9

Which brain region is involved in priming?

Answer 9

Neocortex

Question 10

Which brain region is involved in procedural memory?

Answer 10

Striatum, motor cortex, cerebellum

Question 11

Which brain region is involved in associative learning (conditioning)?

Answer 11

Amygdala, cerebellum

Question 12

Which brain region is involved in non-associative learning (habituation, sensitization)?

Answer 12

reflex pathways

Question 13

Which takes larger to learn, implicit memory or explicit memory?

Answer 13

Implicit memory

Question 14

Which is more robust and may last for all our life even in the absence of further practice, implicit or explicit memory?

Answer 14

Implicit memory

Question 15

What is memory engram?

Answer 15

The physical representation or location, aka memory trace

Question 16

What are the key points of Donald Hebb’s cell assembly hypothesis?

Answer 16

(1) External events are represented by cortical cells
(2) Cells reciprocally interconnected
(3) Short-term memory is actively reverberated through the connections of cell assembly

Question 17

Memory consolidation is distinguished into which two specific processes?

Answer 17

(1) Synaptic consolidation
(2) Systems consolidation

Question 18

Implicit memory is heterogeneous collection of memory or homogeneous collection of memory?

Answer 18

Heterogeneous

Question 19

Lesion of hippocampus lead to which type of amnesia?

Answer 19

Anterograde amnesia

Question 20

Where are the grid cells located?

Answer 20

In the entorhinal cortex

Question 21

Standard radial arm maze learning is implicit learning or explicit learning?

Answer 21

Explicit

Question 22

Modified radial arm maze learning is implicit learning or explicit learning?

Answer 22

Implicit

Question 23

Standard radial arm maze learning is associated with which brain region?

Answer 23

Hippocampus

Question 24

Modified radial arm maze learning is associated with which brain region

Answer 24

striatum

Question 25

Where are the place cell located?

Answer 25

hippocampus

Question 26

What is the name of the behavioral test used to test spatial memory?

Answer 26

Morris water maze

Question 27

Lesion to striatum disrupt what kind of memory?

Answer 27

Procedural memory (habit learning)