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Animal Biology > 3. Mating Systems > Flashcards

3. Mating Systems Flashcards

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1
Q

what is a mating system

A

characteristic pattern of mating relationship among opposite sex members of a species

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2
Q

how are mating systems emergent

A

natural selection influences behavioral and neural correlates that interact with prevailing ecological conditions to produce formation different mating strategies and systems

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3
Q

does natural selection affect individual traits or group traits

A

individual traits

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4
Q

what is monogamy

A

neither sex able to monopolize additional members of opposite sex; fitness maximized through shared parental investment

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5
Q

what is polygyny

A

individual males frequently control organ access to multiple females

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6
Q

what is polyandry

A

individual females frequently control or gain access to multiple males

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7
Q

what is polygynandry

A

individual males and females frequently control or gain access to multiple members of the opposite sex

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8
Q

what did Emlen and Oring propose

A

that mating systems are manifestation of the interaction between two factors; sexual conflict via differential selection on males and females to max their reproductive success; ecological via resource limitation and distribution

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9
Q

what mating system is rare

A

monogamy

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10
Q

Neurobiological study of prairie dog monogamy

A

Oxytocin and vasopressin injections induce pair bonding

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11
Q

How does dopamine receptor correlate with monogamy

A

D2 receptors linked to pair bonding behavior between sexes; D1 receptors linked to aggression toward opposite sex after pair bonding

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12
Q

What are the two basic forms of polygamous mating systems

A

Polygyny and polyandry

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13
Q

What are two temporal variations of polygamous mating systems

A

Simultaneous and sequential

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14
Q

What is sequential mating system

A

Form Many short term bonds over the course of the breeding cycle

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15
Q

What is simultaneous mating system

A

Maintain multiple partners in the same general time frame

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16
Q

What are characteristics of leks

A

Males gather together; display for females; females choose males; one or a few males dominate

17
Q

What are the three lek mate choice hypotheses

A

Hotshot; hotspot; female preference

18
Q

What is the hotshot hypothesis

A

Male with the best display gets the female

19
Q

What is the hotspot hypothesis

A

The location of a male in the lek determines his success

20
Q

What is the female preference hypothesis

A

She wants a lot of males for comparison

21
Q

What are females benefit from lek mating

A

Good gene hypothesis and sexy son hypothesis

22
Q

What is the good gene hypothesis

A

Leks provide the opportunity to compare many males and select health/vigorous male traits that lead to offspring with higher survival probability

23
Q

What is the sexy son hypothesis

A

Leks provide the opportunity to compare many males and select attractive male traits that lead to the production of male offspring with attractive traits

24
Q

What are male benefits of lek mating

A

Direct reproductive success and indirect reproductive success

25
Q

What is direct reproductive success

A

Studies show 80% of total mating attributed single successful male in lek

26
Q

What is indirect reproductive success

A

Male may receive benefits by helping kin

27
Q

In what mating systems is promiscuous behavior present

A

Polygynous and polyandrous mating

28
Q

What are the two types of promiscuous mating

A

Without pair bonds and with pair bonds

29
Q

What causes female reproductive success in polygyny mating systems

A

Availability of resource not to the availability of mates

30
Q

What is the polygyny threshold model

A

A female may be better off becoming the second “wife” if the male’s territory is rich and allows her to raise more offspring than if she paired with a male who had a poor territory

31
Q

What determines a males reproductive success in a variable mating system within a single population

A

The number of mates and the access to sole mating privilege

32
Q

What determines a females success in a variable mating system within a single population

A

Success is related to male parental help and habitat quality

Animal Biology (15 decks)

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