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Derm Pharm 2020 > 3 - Interferons > Flashcards

3 - Interferons Flashcards

1
Q

Interferon protects the cell from viral infections

A

True

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2
Q

Interferon are a family of secretory glycoproteins

A

True

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3
Q

There are 3 types of interferon

A

True (Type I, II and III)

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4
Q

IFN-alpha and IFN-beta are type I interferon

A

True

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5
Q

IFN-gamma is the only Type II interferon

A

True

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6
Q

Type I IFN have multiple biological activities I.e. Antiviral, antiproliferative, antiangiogenic etc

A

True

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7
Q

IFN-beta has 29% structural similarity to IFN-alpha

A

True

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8
Q

IFN-gamma does not share any structural homology to IFN-alpha and IFN-beta

A

True

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9
Q

Pegylated IFN I.e. IFN-alpha increases the time of the IFN in circulation to enable the frequency of dosing to be reduced

A

True

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10
Q

Pegylation is a process by which polyethylene glycol (PEG) is attached to IFN

A

True

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11
Q

IFN-alpha and IFN-gamma are excreted renally

A

True

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12
Q

IFN-alpha and IFN-gamma are metabolised under proteolytic degradation during renal tubular reabsorption (renal metabolism)

A

True

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13
Q

IFN are not protein bound

A

True

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14
Q

IFN-alpha has induced the formation of neutralising antibodies

A

True

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15
Q

Patients with high titres of anti-IFN-alpha neutralising antibodies have decreased response to therapy

A

True

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16
Q

IFN-alpha and IFN-beta (both Type I IFN) share the same receptor

A

True

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17
Q

IFN-gamma (Type II IFN) binds to a different receptor to IFN-alpha and IFN-beta (Type I IFN)

A

True

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18
Q

IFN has antiviral activity

A

True

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19
Q

IFN has antiproliferative activity

A

True

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20
Q

IFN has immunoregulatory activity

A

True

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21
Q

IFN-gamma (Type II IFN) is a more potent stimulator of MHC antigens than IFN-alpha and IFN-beta (both Type I IFN)

22
Q

IFN-alpha inhibits angiogenesis

23
Q

IFN-gamma is associated with tumour blood vessel destruction and necrosis

24
Q

Both the antiviral activity and antiproliferative activity of IFN are due to induction of oligo-adenylate synthetase (2’-5’ A synthetase)

25
Q

IFN-alpha use in infants has been associated with permanent spastic diplegia

26
Q

Due to the risk of permanent spastic diplegia associated with IFN-alpha use in infants and the tendency of haemangiomas to involute, IFN-alpha use in children <1 year old should be limited to life threatening or severely physically limiting haemangiomas

A

True (although it has been presumed that preservatives such as benzyl and phenol alcohol in the commercially injectible solution are the culprits and preservative-free saline solution is recommended)

27
Q

Chronic Cutaneous IFN use may cause delayed re-epithelialization and potential systemic toxicity

28
Q

IFN-alpha may have a role in treatment of SLE as elevated levels of IFN have been found to correlate with disease severity

29
Q

The adverse effects of IFN are dose dependant

30
Q

The adverse effects of IFN generally remit with continued therapy

31
Q

The adverse effects of IFN improve with dose reduction

32
Q

The adverse effects of IFN are rapidly reversible on cessation of therapy

33
Q

Influenza like symptoms are the most commonly associated adverse effects associated with IFN therapy

34
Q

Prophylactic acetaminophen, aspirin or NSAIDs prevent the influenza-like symptoms of IFN treatment

35
Q

Fatal rhabdomyolysis and multiple organ failure has occurred in IFN-alpha use

36
Q

Creatinine kinase (CK) and urinary myoglobin concentrations is recommended in IFN treatment

A

True (1 case of fatal rhabdomyolysis)

37
Q

IFN needs to be discontinued in patients with evidence of rhabdomyolysis

A

True (reported case of fatal rhabdomyolysis)

38
Q

IFN-gamma (Type II IFN) cam cause Increased serum triglycerides

39
Q

IFN-alpha can cause hypotension, dysrhythmia, and tachycardia

40
Q

Chest and back pain has been associated with IFN-beta

41
Q

Depression and suicidal behaviour has been associated with IFN-alpha

42
Q

IFN may cause GI adverse effects

A

True (nausea and diarrhoea can occur)

43
Q

Collapsing focal segmental glomerulosclerosis may occur with treatment with IFN and resolves with cessation of treatment

44
Q

Sarcoidosis has been associated in IFN-alpha treated patients

A

True (cessation of therapy led to granuloma regression)

45
Q

Neutralising antibodies can develop in patients receiving IFN-alpha2a and IFN-alpha2b which appear specific to the recombinant IFN

A

True (does not occur with natural IFN)

46
Q

IFN-gamma may induce local psoriasis

A

True (psoriatic lesions at sites of IFN-gamma injections)

47
Q

IFN decreases the clearance of aminophylline

A

True (due to CYP 1A2 interaction)

48
Q

Concomitant Zidovudine (anti retroviral therapy) treatment and IFN may increase the risk of haematologic complications

49
Q

IFN-alpha2a in conjunction with Interleukin-2 may increase the risk of renal failure

50
Q

IFN should be used cautiously in patients with debilitating medical conditions due to the influenza-like adverse effects

51
Q

Subcutaneous administration of IFN is favoured over intramuscular injections in patients with thrombocytopenia

52
Q

Neutropenia /leukopenia may occur with IFN therapy

Derm Pharm 2020 (47 decks)

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