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Derm Pharm 2020 > 3 - Botulinum Toxin > Flashcards

3 - Botulinum Toxin Flashcards

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Dermatology Board Prep flashcards
1
Q

C. botulinum neurotoxins inhibit acetylcholine neurotransmitter release from the neuromuscular junction

A

True

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2
Q

Inhibition of acetylcholine release from the neuromuscular junction leads to flaccid muscle paralysis

A

True

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3
Q

There are 7 serotypes of C. Botulinum neurotoxins (A, B, C, D, E, F, G)

A

True

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4
Q

C. Botulinum neurotoxin serotype A (Botox) is the most potent used in humans

A

True

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5
Q

SNARE proteins are believed to mediate the mechanism of action of Botulinum neurotoxin

A

True

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6
Q

SNARE proteins mediate all types of intracellular membrane fusion

A

True

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7
Q

Botulinum toxin impairs neuromuscular function resulting in post synaptic cellular paralysis via the SNARE proteins

A

True

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8
Q

It takes approximately 3 months to recover the neuromuscular function post botulinum toxin treatment

A

True

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9
Q

Muscular atrophy may be seen with each botulinum toxin injection

A

True

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10
Q

Each vial of Botox contains 100 units of neurotoxin

A

True

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11
Q

Antibody formation may occur against botulinum toxin

A

True

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12
Q

Botox (botulinum toxin A) vials are heat sensitive and may be stored in the fridge or freezer

A

True

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13
Q

Injection pain may be reduced if Botox was reconstituted with saline preserved with benzyl alcohol

A

True

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14
Q

Reconstitution of Botox with preservative-free saline may be associated with injection pain

A

True

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15
Q

Reconstitution of Botox with Saline preserved with benzyl alcohol does not affect the safety and efficacy of the drug

A

True

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16
Q

There is potential loss of efficacy of Botox if the vial was shaken

A

True

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17
Q

Botox is used for treatment of dynamic rhytides (wrinkles) caused by muscle pull

A

True

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18
Q

Botox is used for axillary hyperhidrosis

A

True

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19
Q

Infection at the injection site is an absolute contraindication for botulinum toxin injection

A

True

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20
Q

Botulinum toxin may exacerbate neuromuscular disease

A

True (relative contraindication)

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21
Q

Inflammation at the injection site is relatively contraindicated in botulinum toxin injection

A

True

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22
Q

Calcium channel blockers are relatively contraindicated with botulinum toxin

A

True (although calcium channel blockers are acceptable for doses of botulinum toxin used in dermatology)

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23
Q

Aminoglycosides are relatively contraindicated with botulinum toxin

A

True

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24
Q

Cholinesterase inhibitors are relatively contraindicated with botulinum toxin

A

True

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25
Q

Succinylcholine are relatively contraindicated with botulinum toxin

A

True

26
Q

Quinidine is relatively contraindicated with botulinum toxin

A

True

27
Q

Lincosamides are relatively contraindicated with botulinum toxin

A

True

28
Q

Pregnancy and lactation is relatively contraindicated with botulinum toxin

A

True (although pregnant and nursing women have been inadvertently treated without I’ll effects but no studies have been done)

29
Q

The cosmetic use of Botox at the approved dose has not been associated with botulism

A

True

30
Q

There is no evidence that use of botulinum toxin leads to permanent nerve or muscle injury

A

True

31
Q

Antibody production against botulinum toxin is serotype specific

A

True

32
Q

Another serotype of botulinum toxin may be used if resistance is encountered due to antibody production against one serotype

A

True

33
Q

Botulinum toxin resistance is associated with repetitive treatment with doses greater than 300 units, resulting in reduced efficacy

A

True

34
Q

Botulinum toxin resistance is associated with repetitive treatment with doses greater than 300 units, resulting in reduced efficacy

A

True

35
Q

Most reports on antibody production involve patients treated with the original more antigenic formulation of botulinum toxin

A

True

36
Q

Most adverse events of botulinum toxin relate to injection technique

A

True

37
Q

Pain is a common adverse event related to needle injection of botulinum toxin

A

True

38
Q

Swelling is a common adverse event related to needle injection of botulinum toxin

A

True

39
Q

Erythema is a common adverse event related to needle injection of botulinum toxin

A

True

40
Q

Bruising is a common adverse event related to needle injection of botulinum toxin

A

True

41
Q

Ptosis is an uncommon adverse event related to local diffusion of botulinum toxin

A

True

42
Q

Hand weakness is an uncommon adverse event related to local diffusion of botulinum toxin for palmar hyperhidrosis treatment

A

True

43
Q

Dysphagia is an uncommon adverse event related to local diffusion of botulinum toxin in neck injections

A

True

44
Q

Headache is an uncommon idiosyncratic adverse event related to botulinum toxin

A

True

45
Q

Distant inflammation is an rare idiosyncratic adverse event related to botulinum toxin

A

True

46
Q

Anaphylaxis is an rare idiosyncratic adverse event related to botulinum toxin

A

True

47
Q

Flu like symptoms is an rare idiosyncratic adverse event related to botulinum toxin

A

True

48
Q

Metallic taste is an rare idiosyncratic adverse event related to botulinum toxin

A

True

49
Q

In non-dermatologic use, dysphagia is common when treating cervical dystonia with botulinum toxin

A

True

50
Q

In non-dermatologic use, xerophthalmia (abnormal dryness of conjunctiva and cornea) is common when treating blepharospasm or strabismus with botulinum toxin

A

True

51
Q

In non-dermatologic use, transient headache can occur when treating cervical dystonia with botulinum toxin

A

True

52
Q

Keep botulinum toxin injections at least 1cm above the orbital rim to avoid ptosis

A

True

53
Q

Keep botulinum toxin injections at least 3cm above the brow to lessen the risk of diminished expressiveness

A

True

54
Q

Applying digital pressure with the non-injecting thumb along the orbital rim between the injection sites and the eye may reduce eyelid ptosis from botulinum toxin

A

True

55
Q

Muscular denervation occurs wherever the botulinum toxin spreads

A

True

56
Q

Botulinum toxin Injection > 1cm lateral to the orbital rim will avoid diplopia and lid ptosis

A

True

57
Q

Injections close to the inferior margin of the zygomatic arch risk weakening of the lip legato muscles causing lip ptosis

A

True

58
Q

Botulinum toxin injections for hyperhidrosis are spaced 1-1.5cm apart

A

True

59
Q

Approximately 0.1 mL of Botulinum toxin is injected per hyperhidrosis injection site (spaced 1-1.5cm apart)

A

True

60
Q

Botulinum toxin can be injected into superficial fat to target the dermal eccrine glands in axillary hyperhidrosis with no adverse effects

A

True

61
Q

Botulinum toxin is injected into dermis to target the eccrine glands in palmoplantar hyperhidrosis and to avoid dispersion of the toxin to underlying intrinsic hand muscles

A

True

Derm Pharm 2020 (47 decks)

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