Brainscape's Knowledge GenomeTM

Browse over 1 million classes created by top students, professors, publishers, and experts.


See full index

Derm Pharm 2020 > 1 - TOPICAL ANTIFUNGAL AGENTS > Flashcards

1 - TOPICAL ANTIFUNGAL AGENTS Flashcards

You may prefer our related Brainscape-certified flashcards:
Dermatology Board Prep flashcards
1
Q

Topical antifungals are considered first line therapy for uncomplicated superficial dermatomycoses owing to their high efficacy and low potential for systemic adverse effects

A

True

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
2
Q

The most commonly employed topical antifungal agents belong to 3 main classes:

(1) Polyenes
(2) Azoles (imidazoles)
(3) Allylamines/Benzylamines

A

True (other agents not among these 3 major classes include the hydroxypyridone ciclopirox olamine, selenium sulfide)

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
3
Q

Nystatin and amphotericin B are Polyenes

A

True

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
4
Q

Miconazole, Clotrimazole, Ketoconazole, Oxiconazole, Econazole, Sulconazole, Sertaconazole are Azoles (Imidazole subclass)

A

True (in contrast, the systemic antifungals itraconazole, fluconazole, voriconazole and posaconazole are triazoles)

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
5
Q

Terbinafine and Naftifine are allylamines

A

True

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
6
Q

Butenafine is the only Benzylamine

A

True

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
7
Q

Ciclopirox is a hydroxypyridone antifungal agent

A

True (not related to the 3 main classes of topical antifungal agents)

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
8
Q

Selenium sulfide has topical antifungal properties

A

True (not one of the 3 main classes of topical antifungal agents)

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
9
Q

Nystatin (Polyenes) binds to cell membrane sterols causing cell leakage and permeability changes with activity against candida only

A

True (fungicidal and fungistatic in vitro)

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
10
Q

All the Azoles (Miconazole, Clotrimazole, Ketoconazole, Oxiconazole, Econazole, Sulconazole, Sertaconazole) inhibit ergosterol synthesis by blocking 14-alpha demethylase enzyme which then affect the synthesis of ergosterol (component of the fungal cell membrane)

A

True (fungistatic in vitro)

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
11
Q

Terbinafine and Naftifine (Allylamines) and Butenafine (Benzylamine) inhibit ergosterol synthesis by blocking squalene epoxidase, which then affect the synthesis of ergosterol (component of the fungal cell membrane)

A

True (fungicidal in vitro)

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
12
Q

Nystatin (Polyenes) has activity against candida only

A

True

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
13
Q

Miconazole, Clotrimazole, Ketoconazole, Econazole (Azoles) have activity against dermatophytes, Malessezia furfur, and candida

A

True

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
14
Q

Oxiconazole and Sulconazole (Azoles) have activity against dermatophytes and Malessezia furfur

A

True (activity against candida is relatively weak compared to Miconazole, Clotrimazole, Ketoconazole, Econazole)

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
15
Q

The allylamines (Terbinafine and Naftifine) have activity against dermatophytes

A

True (Terbinafine has activity against candida but this is relatively weak compared to the Azoles)

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
16
Q

Terbinafine has activity against candida but this is relatively weak compared to the Azoles

A

True (main activity is against dermatophytes)

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
17
Q

Butenafine (Benzylamine) has activity against dermatophytes and candida, although activity against candida is relatively weak compared to the Azoles

A

True

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
18
Q

The associated systemic toxicity of Nystatin (Polyenes) has limited its use to topical application as Nystatin is essentially insoluble in water and not absorbed from intact skin, the GI tract or the vagina

A

True

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
19
Q

Nystatin (Polyenes) has fungicidal and fungistatic activity in vitro

A

True

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
20
Q

Nystatin is used in the treatment of oral candidiasis

A

True (4-5 times daily use is recommended)

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
21
Q

Nystatin (Polyenes) is used in the treatment of cutaneous candidiasis

A

True (BD application recommended)

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
22
Q

Nystatin (Polyenes) is well tolerated

A

True

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
23
Q

Burning, pruritus, rash, eczema and pain on application are the more common adverse effects with Nystatin (Polyenes) use

A

True (generally a well tolerated drug)

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
24
Q

Very rarely hypersensitivity reactions have been reported with Nystatin (Polyenes) use

A

True (generally a well tolerated drug)

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
25
Q

The introduction of the azole antifungal agents presented a new class of compounds with a broader spectrum of activity, including action against the common dermatophytes that were not susceptible to the Polyenes (Nystatin)

A

True

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
26
Q

The human skin is an efficient barrier to most Azole compounds, such that percutaneous absorption is generally <1% on intact skin

A

True

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
27
Q

The absorption of Azole compounds may be increased from <1% (intact skin) to 4% on inflamed or damaged skin

A

True

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
28
Q

In general there is very low sensitising potential associated with all Azole antifungals

A

True

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
29
Q

Miconazole (Azole) is very slightly soluble and penetrates the stratum corneum well, although with minimal systemic absorption

A

True (<1% of Miconazole is absorbed following topical application)

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
30
Q

Miconazole (Azole) is active against dermatophytes (Trichophyton and Epidermophyton) and is therefore effective in the treatment of tinea pedis/corporis/cruris

A

True (BD application recommended)

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
31
Q

Miconazole (Azole) is active against Candida albicans, and is therefore effective in the treatment of cutaneous candidiasis

A

True (BD application is recommended)

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
32
Q

Miconazole (Azole) is active against Malassezia furfur, and is therefore effective in the treatment of pityriasis versicolor and seborrheic dermatitis

A

True (once daily application is sufficient)

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
33
Q

Miconazole (Azole) also demonstrates activity against some gram +Ve bacteria and is modestly effective in the treatment of erythrasma, impetigo, or ecthyma caused by Group A beta-haemolytic streptococci or staphylococci

A

True (however Miconazole’s antibacterial activity is not sufficient to make this agent a drug of choice for such infections)

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
34
Q

Topical Miconazole (Azole) is well tolerated although rarely irritation, burning, maceration, and allergic contact dermatitis may occur at application sites

A

True

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
35
Q

Systemic absorption of Clotrimazole (Azole) is very low

A

True (even under occlusive dressing)

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
36
Q

Clotrimazole (Azole) exhibits a broad spectrum of activity against most strains of Trichophyton, Epidermophyton and Microsporum species and is therefore effective in the treatment of tinea pedis/corporis/cruris

A

True (BD application recommended)

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
37
Q

Clotrimazole (Azole) exhibits efficacy near, though slightly less than that of Nystatin (Polyenes) in candida inhibition and is therefore effective in the treatment of cutaneous candidiasis, oropharyngeal candidiasis and vaginal candidiasis

A

True
Cutaneous candidiasis = BD application on skin recommended
Oropharyngeal candidiasis = oral troches administered 4-5 times daily for 2 weeks
Vaginal candidiasis = once daily intravaginal tablet for 1-2 days

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
38
Q

Clotrimazole (Azole) exhibits activity against Malassezia furfur and can be used in the treatment of pityriasis versicolor

A

True

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
39
Q

Clotrimazole (Azole) is generally well tolerated, though there are isolated reports of erythema, burning, irritation, stinging, peeling, blistering oedema, pruritus and urticaria at the application site

A

True

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
40
Q

Ketoconazole (Azole) is water soluble and the topical application is not systemically absorbed

A

True

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
41
Q

Ketoconazole (Azole) is a broad spectrum antifungal agent that exhibits a wide spectrum of activity against dermatophytes and is effective in the treatment of tinea pedis/corporis/cruris

A

True (once daily application for 4 weeks recommended)

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
42
Q

Ketoconazole (Azole) has activity against Candida albicans and is effective in the treatment of cutaneous candidiasis

A

True

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
43
Q

Ketoconazole (Azole) has activity against Malessezia furfur and is therefore effective in pityriasis versicolor and seborrheic dermatitis (which is owing to the role of pityrosporum ovale in causation)

A

True (available in 2% cream, 2% shampoo and 2% foam formulation + 1% shampoo over the counter) - can be used in infantile seborrhoeic dermatitis for 10 days

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
44
Q

5% of patients treated with Ketoconazole 2% cream (Azole) reported irritation, pruritus, and stinging

A

True

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
45
Q

Rare reports of allergic contact dermatitis have been associated with Ketoconazole (Azole) cream or one of its ingredients sodium sulfite or propylene glycol

A

True

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
46
Q

Topical Oxiconazole (Azole) is rapidly absorbed into the stratum corneum and persists in the stratum corneum at therapeutic levels for 7 days

A

True (this reservoir effect accounts for Oxiconazole efficacy in fungus eradication with once daily dosing)

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
47
Q

Systemic absorption of topical Oxiconazole (Azole) is negligible

A

True

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
48
Q

Oxiconazole (Azole) lotion or cream once daily is effective in the treatment of tinea pedis/corporis/cruris

A

True (lotion being useful for large or hairy areas on the trunk and back) - activity against candida is relatively weak compared to other Azoles Miconazole, Clotrimazole, Ketoconazole, Econazole

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
49
Q

Topical Oxiconazole (Azole) is well-tolerated, with few adverse effects including pruritus, burning, irritation, erythema, maceration, and fissuring

A

True

50
Q

Econazole (Azole) is a derivative of Miconazole

A

True

51
Q

Topical Econazole (Azole) is well absorbed into the stratum corneum as deep as mid-dermis, although systemic absorption is low

A

True

52
Q

Econazole (Azole) inhibits most strains of dermatophytes including Trichophyton, Microsporum and Epidermophyton and is therefore effective in the treatment of tinea pedis/corporis/cruris

A

True

53
Q

Econazole (Azole) inhibits Candida albicans and is therefore effective in the treatment of cutaneous candidiasis

A

True

54
Q

Econazole 1% cream (Azole) has been shown to be as effective as Clotrimazole 1% cream (Azole) in the treatment of tinea/dermatophyte infections and cutaneous candidiasis, but with a more rapid onset of action in patients treated with Econazole

A

True

55
Q

Econazole (Azole) inhibits Malessezia furfur and is therefore effective in the treatment of pityriasis versicolor

A

True

56
Q

Econazole (Azole) has also demonstrated activity against some gram +Ve and gram -Ve bacterial organisms and has been useful in the treatment of severe interdigital bacterial toe web infections without any fungi on mycology examination

A

True

57
Q

Topical Econazole (Azole) is well tolerated with rare adverse effects

A

True (3% of patients experienced erythema, burning, stinging and pruritus)

58
Q

Sulconazole (Azole) has relatively higher percutaneous absorption as compared to the other Azoles (Miconazole, Clotrimazole, Ketoconazole, Oxiconazole, Econazole) although the clinical significance of this is unknown

A

True

59
Q

Sulconazole (Azole) demonstrates modest antibacterial activity against gram +Ve bacteria and has been reported to be effective therapy for impetigo and ecthyma due to group A beta-haemolytic streptococci and staphylococci

A

True (although Sulconazole is not a first line choice for these infections)

60
Q

In general, Sulconazole (Azole) offers little advantage over the other Azole compounds even though is has proven efficacy against dermatophytosis and pityriasis versicolor

A

True (activity against candida is relatively weak compared to the other Azoles Miconazole, Clotrimazole, Ketoconazole, Econazole)

61
Q

Sulconazole (Azole) is well tolerated, although there have been a few reports of allergic contact dermatitis

A

True

62
Q

Sertaconazole (Azole) is the most recently introduced antifungal agent

A

True

63
Q

Sertaconazole (Azole) is relatively more lipophilic than the other Azoles, leading to a greater reservoir effect in the stratum corneum

A

True

64
Q

Sertaconazole (Azole) can either be fungicidal or fungistatic depending on the organism and drug concentration, as it has another mechanism of action of binding to non-sterol membrane lipids that lead to altered membrane permeability and leakage of intracellular contents; in addition to its inhibition of 14-alpha demethylase (fungistatic effect)

A

True

65
Q

Sertaconazole (Azole) is mainly used for tinea pedis as it has in vitro activity at least equal to, if not better than the other Azole agents against T. Rubrum, T. Mentagrophytes and E. Floccosum

A

True (BD application for 4 weeks is the approved regimen, although clinical experience supports once daily application)

66
Q

Sertaconazole (Azole) may rarely cause allergic contact dermatitis

A

True

67
Q

The introduction of allylamines (Terbinafine, Naftifine) and Benzylamines (Butenafine) presented a broader spectrum of antimycotic coverage with a newer advantage of fungicidal activity

A

True (has both fungistatic and fungicidal activity)

68
Q

The allylamines (Terbinafine, Naftifine) and Benzylamines (Butenafine) act on an earlier step in the ergosterol biosynthesis pathway (squalene epoxidase inhibition) than the Azoles, and their inhibition is cytochrome P450 independent

A

True

69
Q

Allylamines (Terbinafine, Naftifine) and Benzylamines (Butenafine) are well tolerated and associated with low sensitising potential

A

True

70
Q

Naftifine (Allylamine) is highly lipophilic and allows for efficient penetration and high concentrations in the stratum corneum and hair follicles

A

True

71
Q

Naftifine (Allylamine) is both fungicidal and fungistatic

A

True

72
Q

Naftifine (Allylamine) has demonstrated equal therapeutic efficacy against several dermatomycoses to Econazole and Clotrimazole, but with an earlier onset of action

A

True

73
Q

Naftifine (Allylamine) is extremely well tolerated, with only <5% of patients experiencing mild burning/stinging, itching, erythema, irritation and rarely allergic reactions

A

True

74
Q

Terbinafine (Allylamine) is both fungicidal and fungistatic

A

True

75
Q

Terbinafine (Allylamine) is highly lipophilic, resulting in high concentration in and efficient binding to the stratum corneum, sebum, and hair follicles, thereby reducing the probability of reinfection

A

True

76
Q

Terbinafine is 10-100 times more potent than Naftifine with increased antifungal activity in vivo as well (both are allylamines)

A

True

77
Q

After topical application of Terbinafine 1% cream, approximately 3-5% of Terbinafine is absorbed into the systemic circulation

A

True (this occurs slowly, with the peak amount of substance appearing as metabolites in the urine 2-3 days after application) - the slow rate of absorption reflects the rate of entry of the drug into the epidermis and dermis

78
Q

Terbinafine (Allylamine) has fungicidal activity against a wide variety of dermatophytes, moulds, dimorphic fungi and candida

A

True (activity against candida is relatively weak compared to the Azoles)

79
Q

Topical Terbinafine (Allylamine) is well tolerated with few adverse effects including pruritus and irritant contact dermatitis

A

True

80
Q

Butenafine (Benzylamine) has fungicidal concentrations in the stratum corneum for at least 72 hours after application due to the interaction with or fixation to cutaneous lipids, leading to a depot effect

A

True

81
Q

Butenafine (Benzylamine) has fungicidal activity against dermatophytes, Aspergillus and dimorphic fungi equal to or greater than the allylamines (Naftifine, Terbinafine) and is the treatment of choice for tinea pedis/corporis/cruris in Japan

A

True

82
Q

Butenafine (Benzylamine) has continued mycologic and clinical therapeutic activity after completion of treatment due to the strong keratin binding

A

True

83
Q

Topical Butenafine (Benzylamine) is well tolerated and very few patients experience burning, itching and redness at application sites

A

True

84
Q

Unlike the 3 main classes of antifungal agents (Polyenes, Azoles, Allylamines/Benzylamine), Ciclopirox olamine (hydroxypyridone) does not appear to affect sterol biosynthesis, but acts by interfering with active membrane transport of essential macromolecular precursors, thereby disrupting cell membrane integrity and inhibiting enzymes essential for respiratory processes

A

True

85
Q

Ciclopirox olamine (hydroxypyridone) exhibits high in vitro activity against dermatophytes, yeasts and fungal saprophytes

A

True

86
Q

Ciclopirox olamine (hydroxypyridone) is FDA approved for the treatment of tinea pedis/corporis/cruris, pityriasis versicolor, cutaneous candidiasis and onychomycosis (nail lacquer only)

A

True (available as a cream, gel, suspension, nail lacquer)

87
Q

Ciclopirox olamine (hydroxypyridone) also has anti-inflammatory activity, in addition to antifungal activity

A

True (shown to inhibit prostaglandin and leukotriene synthesis in human polymorphonuclear leukocytes)

88
Q

Even though Ciclopirox olamine (hydroxypyridone) is available as a nail lacquer for onychomycosis, complete resolution requires prolonged daily use of 9-12 months

A

True

89
Q

Ciclopirox olamine (hydroxypyridone) is well tolerated and only 0.5% of patients experiment burning sensation or pruritus upon application

A

True

90
Q

Although not common, allergic hypersensitivity has been reported with Ciclopirox olamine (hydroxypyridone) use

A

True

91
Q

Ciclopirox olamine (hydroxypyridone) shampoo is used in the management of seborrhoea

A

True

92
Q

Selenium sulfide is a liquid antiseborrheic and antifungal preparation for topical application only

A

True

93
Q

Topical selenium sulfide is indicated for the treatment of pityriasis versicolor and seborrheic dermatitis of the scalp

A

True

94
Q

Topical Selenium sulfide is effective in the treatment of confluent and reticulated papillomatosis of Gougerot and Carteaud

A

True

95
Q

Topical Selenium sulfide has been shown to be an effective adjuvant with griseofulvin in the treatment of ectothrix tinea capitis (Microsporum canis)

A

True

96
Q

Selenium sulfide possesses a cytostatic effect on cells of the epidermis and follicular epithelium which allows for the shedding of fungi in the stratum corneum via a reduction in corneocyte adhesion

A

True

97
Q

Selenium sulfide has shown fungicidal activity against pityrosporum ovale in vitro and in vivo

A

True (useful in pityrosporum folliculitis)

98
Q

Selenium sulfide was considered to be a possible carcinogen but numerous studies have not confirmed this

A

True

99
Q

Topical Selenium sulfide is classified as pregnancy category C

A

True

100
Q

No systemic absorption has been demonstrated for topical Selenium sulfide

A

True

101
Q

Results of in vitro susceptibility tests have shown that Allylamine/Benzylamine type agents to have greater activity against the common dermatophytes than the Azole derivatives

A

True
In vitro antidermatophyte potency:
Butenafine > Terbinafine > Ciclopirox = Naftifine > Azoles

102
Q

Allylamines (Naftifine and Terbinafine) and Benzylamines (Butenafine) produce a significantly lower post-treatment relapse rate in tinea pedis (and other dermatophytoses) that that of the Azole antifungal agents

A

True
Allylamines/Benzylamines = fungicidal, more lipophilic and therefore exhibit a reservoir effect such that patients continue to improve after cessation of therapy
Azoles = fungistatic, less lipophilic

103
Q

Allylamines (Naftifine and Terbinafine) and Benzylamines (Butenafine) had a faster onset of action in the treatment of tinea pedis (and other dermatophytoses) than that of the Azoles

A

True
Allylamines/Benzylamines = fungicidal, more lipophilic and therefore exhibit a reservoir effect such that patients continue to improve after cessation of therapy
Azoles = fungistatic, less lipophilic

104
Q

Allylamines (Naftifine and Terbinafine) and Benzylamines (Butenafine) provided a more superior mycologic cure rate (more effective) than the Azoles in the treatment of tinea pedis (and other dermatophytoses)

A

True
Allylamines/Benzylamines = fungicidal, more lipophilic and therefore exhibit a reservoir effect such that patients continue to improve after cessation of therapy
Azoles = fungistatic, less lipophilic

105
Q

Allylamines (Naftifine and Terbinafine) and Benzylamines (Butenafine) is associated with a lower relapse rate of tinea pedis (and other dermatophytoses) as compared to the Azoles

A

True
Allylamines/Benzylamines = fungicidal, more lipophilic and therefore exhibit a reservoir effect such that patients continue to improve after cessation of therapy
Azoles = fungistatic, less lipophilic

106
Q

The retention effect (reservoir effect) and the fungicidal activity of Allylamines (Naftifine, Terbinafine) and Benzylamines (Butenafine) results in shorter duration of therapy and lower relapse rates

A

True
Allylamines/Benzylamines = fungicidal, more lipophilic and therefore exhibit a reservoir effect such that patients continue to improve after cessation of therapy
Azoles = fungistatic, less lipophilic

107
Q

Both Ciclopirox and the Azoles are more effective and more appropriate therapeutic choices in the treatment of cutaneous candidiasis than the Allylamines (Naftifine, Terbinafine) and Benzylamines (Butenafine)

A

True
The efficacy of various antifungal agents in the treatment of candidiasis based on in vitro studies:
Ciclopirox = Azoles > Butenafine > Naftifine > Terbinafine

108
Q

Some of the Allylamines/Benzylamines possess a greater degree of anti-inflammatory action than the Azoles

A

True

109
Q

Ketoconazole (Azole) has anti-inflammatory properties

A

True (useful in seborrheic dermatitis)

110
Q

Naftifine (Allylamine) has anti-inflammatory properties

A

True

111
Q

Butenafine (Benzylamines) has anti-inflammatory properties

A

True

112
Q

Ciclopirox olamine (hydroxypyridone) has significant anti-inflammatory properties

A

True

113
Q

The inherent anti-inflammatory properties of antifungal agents are not only beneficial in reducing the inflammation associated with dermatomycoses, they have also proved useful in the treatment of other inflammatory skin disorders

A

True

114
Q

The inherent antibacterial properties of some topical antifungal agents serves as an adjuvant in the treatment of dermatomycoses where a complex, combined fungal-bacterial infection can be present

A

True

115
Q

The Azoles possess some degree of antibacterial properties, particularly on gram +Ve bacteria

A

True

116
Q

Terbinafine (allylamine) exhibits some degree of both gram +Ve and gram -Ve bacteria inhibitory effects

A

True

117
Q

Ciclopirox olamine (hydroxypyridone) has a seemingly superior in vitro gram -Ve antibacterial activity to that of other antimycotic drugs

A

True (whilst also demonstrating antibacterial inhibition against gram +Ve bacteria)

118
Q

Because of the broad antibacterial activity, inherent anti-inflammatory action, and highly effective antifungal activity, Ciclopirox olamine (hydroxypyridone) has proved to be a very successful treatment of interdigital tinea pedis with secondary bacterial infection (dermatophytosis complex)

A

True

119
Q

The ancillary antibacterial and anti-inflammatory activities of some antifungal agents augments the antifungal therapy of inflamed or super infected dermatomycoses, although none of these drugs should be considered agents of choice when treating either uncomplicated or complicated primary bacterial pyodermas

A

True

120
Q

Recent data concerning treatment of vulvovaginal candidiasis during pregnancy reveals the superiority of topical vulvar/intravaginal multidose Azole therapy over multidose nystatin (Polyenes) therapy

A

True (treatment of vulvovaginal candidiasis with topical/intravaginal Azole agents during pregnancy reduces the prevalence of preterm birth, presumably due to restoration of normal genital tract flora)

121
Q

Propylene glycol as a vehicle ingredient is figuratively a double-edged sword as it is commonly used to enhance the percutaneous penetration of various topical medications but can also be a significant cutaneous irritant particularly when applied to inflamed, fissured or ulcerated skin

A

True (if a patient fails to improve with a topical antifungal preparation, the clinician should consider whether propylene glycol might be serving as an irritant as the actual antifungal active ingredient is associated with <1% risk of true allergic contact dermatitis)

Derm Pharm 2020 (47 decks)

Brainscape helps you reach your goals faster, through stronger study habits.
© 2024 Bold Learning Solutions. Terms and Conditions