2.8 Cell Respiration Flashcards
Cell respiration
Organic compounds (from photosynthesis) are broken down to release energy that is used by the cell.
Performed by all living orgaisms
How does cell respiration not kill you?
The way that cell respiration would kill you is by making one overheat from the process. Because of this, it is performed by enzymes in a careful and controlled manner
What form does the cell keep energy in for short term storage?
ATP (adenosine triphosphate)
Does the cell transport the energy created to other cells?
No, the net gain of ATP from the cost of transporting the ATP (which requires energy) is very minimal and would be a waste.
Why is making ATP essential for all cells?
ATP does not change from cell to cell, and the process does not change either, meaning that the production of ATP is necessary to provide energy to the cell.
What is the chemical equation for cell respiration?
C6H12O6 + 6O2 -> 6CO2 + 6 H2O + 32-38 ATP
What 3 main activites do cells require energy for?
1) Synthesizing large molecules (DNA, RNA, Proteins)
2) Active Transport (Pumping molecules/ions across membrane)
3) Moving things around the cell (chromosomes, versicles, protein fibers)
How is energy released?
- Not simply by breaking the ADP-P bonds,
- its by forming a new lower energy bond with a substrate.
Anaerobic respiration
Respiration without oxygen, products are toxic and must be removed from the cell
Lactic acid fermentation
humans/animals, produces lactic acid
Alcohol fermentation
Plants/yeast, ethanol and CO2
Oxygen debt
demand for O2 that builds up during anaerobic respiration
Cons of anaerobic respiration
yield is small ~2 ATP
Produces harmful byproducts
Pros of anaerobic respiration
can be made quickly (the process only needs to go through glycolosis and skips krebs cycle and the electron transport chain)
When is anaerobic respiration useful?
1) When a rapid burst of ATP is needed
2) When O2 runs out
3) In environments where O2 is limited
