(27) Hypersensitivity II Flashcards
1
Q
(Type II Hypersensitivity)
- IgG (IgM) antibodies attack what? Cause what?
- Does sensitization of the immune system need to occur to produce IgG antibodies?
A
- foreign antigen associated with cells (often RBC); their destruction by phagocytosis or lysis
- yes (T cells mingling with B cells)
2
Q
1-3. What are three ways that RBC can become foreign antigens?
A
- transfusion reaction
- drug allergies
- hemolytic disease of the newborn
3
Q
(Ways RBC can become foreign antigens)
(Transfusion reaction)
- Anitbodies bind to what?
- then what happens?
- These antibodies can also activate what? do what?
- 1st transfusion problem in dogs? 2nd? how bout 1st in cats and humans? why?
A
- non-self, blood group antigens (eg A, B, AB, O)
- macrophages and neutrophils have FcyRI and eath the RBC
- complement; poke holes in RBC
- nope; yep; yep (it is a problem); immune system gets shown to carb structures on microorganisms that are similar to RBC carbs (natural antibodies)
4
Q
(Ways RBC can become foreign antigens)
(Drug allergies)
- Some drugs, such as what? bind to the surface of what? What causes RBC destruction?
A
- penicillin; cells (RBC); anti-drug antibodies cause RBC destruction
5
Q
(Ways RBC can become foreign antigens)
(Hemolytic Disease of the Newborns)
- RBC antigens ot eh fetus stimulate what? Resulting in what?
A
- antibody production in the mother; destruction of RBC in the fetus or newborn
6
Q
(Clinical Manifestations of Type II)
- Intravascular hemolysis of RBC may result in what five things?
- Are reactions more or less severe upon repeated occurences?
- How quickly can they occur? as quick as type 1?
A
- fever, chills, nausea, clotting within blood vessels, and hemoglobin in the urine
- more severe (eg repeated blood transfusion)
- pretty quickly (within 1 or 2 hours); not as quick
7
Q
- What’s the name of the test where your testing to see if antibodies are binding to RBC?
- What are the two variants?
(just read this slide)
A
- the coomb’s test
- direct and indirect
8
Q
A
B