(27) Hypersensitivity I Flashcards
1
Q
(HYPERSENSITIVTY)
- Disorders in which the immune response occurs in an excessive manner due to what?
- What type of sensitivity involved IgE? IgG?
- What type is mediated by T-cells (and not antibodies)?
A
- foreign antigens
(not to be confused with autoimmunity in which the immune system responds to self-antigens)
- type 1; type 1 and 2
- Type 4
2
Q
Type 1 hypersensitivity are the same what?
A
allergies
3
Q
(Type 1)
- a true what?
- Occurs upon exposure to what that results in a what?
- referred to as what?
- What antibody is required to be considered an allergy?
- What do IgE antibodies bind to? What does this result in? Once an allergen does what?
A
- allergy
- foreign antigen (allergen) that results in an immediate physiological response (within minutes)
- allergic response
- IgE
- mast cells; relase of pro-inflammatory components; binds and crosslinks the IgE antibodies
4
Q
(type 1)
- what is initial stimulation of T and B cells called?
(Immune system components)
- what stimulates B cells? to produce what?
- What is and individual who makes high levels of IgE antibodies in rxn to specific allergen referred to as?
- IgE antibodies bind to what?
A
- sensitization
- T helper cells (Cd4, Th2); high levels of IgE antibody
- and atopic individual (atopy)
- mast cells
5
Q
(type 1)
- Mast cells are from what lineage?
- Where do they reside? Do they circulate?
- What are two kinds of mast cells (based on location)?
- Where do connective tissue mast cells hang out?
- mucosal mast cells?
A
- myeloid lineage
- tissues, no
- connective tissue mast cells and mucosal mast cells
- near blood vessels or skin
- lungs or gut
6
Q
(type 1)
(Mast Cells)
- What results in mast cell activation? what gets released?
- What receptor does mast cell use to bid IgE?
- Over what time range does this occur?
- What occurs due to immediate response (cosmetically) - late phase?
A
- IgE crosslinking by an allergen; release of numerous pro-inflammatory factors
- FCE(epsilon)R1
- there are two acute responses - immediate (seconds-minutes) and late phase (hours) - (look at chart on bottom left and be familiar with what is released and when)
- wheal (histamine); flare (due to cytokine release)
(MAKE SURE YU LOOK AT THIS SLIDE CAUSe I THINK I HAVE THE TIME FRAME A LITTLE CONFUSED)
7
Q
(type 1)
- The consequences of an allergic response depends on what two things?
- What is an example of a chronic response (months/years) in type 1 sensitivity?
A
- allergen dose and route of entry
(+ look at chart)
- asthma
8
Q
(type 1)
look at this slide (don’t learn specific types under atopic!)
- in an environment where you are exposed to more infections - what kind of response will you get?
- In a environment that is sparkly clean?
- Why are IgG prefereable to IgE in stopping allergies?
A
- Th1
- Th2
- IgG don’t bind to mast cells