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Histology > 2.6 Male And Female Reproductive System > Flashcards

2.6 Male And Female Reproductive System Flashcards

0
Q

Excurrent duct system (2) proximal and distal

A

Proximal - 20 efferent tubules

Distal - mesonephric duct aka ductus deference (pseudostrat epi)

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1
Q

Intratesticular ducts? Lined by….and changes into? Overall (3)

A 
Straight tubules(tubuli recti) = terminal section
Lined by sertoli cells. Changes into cuboidal epithelium
Empties into rete testis -> simple cuboidal (single cilium); low columnar epi(few short microvilli)
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2
Q

Efferent ductules (8)

A

Pseudostrat. 20 connect rete testis to epididymis.
Saw tooth lumen.
Basal cells - undifferentiated stem cells
Tall columnar - ciliated
Small columnar - non cilia, mv, canalicular invag, pinocytotic vesicles
Transport of sperm - cilia and sm contraction.
Sm - circ, inner + outer longi. Elastic fibres.

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3
Q

Appendix testis and utricle formed from?

A

In males, paramesopheric duct remnants.
Females - uterus, tubes, upper 1/3 of vagina
Sry gene -> testis transcription factor -> anti mullerian hormone

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4
Q

Testicle (8) and size

A 
4-5cm length, 3cm thickness
Tunica albungie (dct), tunica vagalis propria, lobules (250), scrotal bursa, rete testis, appendix testis, appendix epididymis, tunica vasculosa (lct + bv)
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5
Q

Epidiymis (3)
Length, actual length.
3 parts.
Involved in?

A

Efferent ductules (head) + duct of epididymis (body and tail). Bv, sm, ct covering
7.5cm. 4-6m - coiled duct.
Decapacitation

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6
Q

Epididymis - decapacitation

A

sperm motility,
addition of surface associated decap factor,
inhibit fertility - reversible

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7
Q

Duct of epididymis - cell types (3)

A

Pseudostrat
1 principle cells - stereocilia ( 80um - 20um)
2 basal cells - stem cells ( small round)
3 migrating halo cells (lymphocytes prox end)

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8
Q

Seminiferous tubule and secretions?

A

Secrete fluid. Absorbed in efferent tubules. Reabsorbed in duct of epididymis (proximal)

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9
Q

Epididymis - 5 secretion products.

A

Aid maturation of sperm

Glycoproteins, siliac acid, glycerophosphocholine, steroids, glycocalyx

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10
Q

Epididymis head body tail

A

Head and body only circ

Tail - circ, inner outer longi cont with ductus deferens

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11
Q

Epididymis peristalsis contractions (2)

A

Tail ( reservoir of sperm)

Neural stim, ejaculation - intense contractions

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12
Q

Ductus deferens length?

A

40cm

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13
Q

Ductus deferens similar (2) and diff (2) to epididymis

A

Similar - Pseudostrat columnar epi, microvilli

Difference - thick muscular contraction, irregular lumen (longi flolds)

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14
Q

Ductus deferens - ampulla (3)

A

Thinner musuclar coat
Glandular diverticulum
Longi layer sm near ejaculatory duct disappear

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15
Q

Spermatic chord contains?

A

All structures pass to and from the testis

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16
Q

Accessory glands

A

Seminal vesicles - glandular diverticulum - 60% of sf, nutrition + stim of motility - survival of sperm in vagina
Prostate - 30% of SF. Citric acid, enzymes, proteins
Bulbourethral glands - urogenital diaphram - alkaline mucus. Compound tubular alveolar - similar to mucus secreting glands.

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17
Q

Bulbourethral glands. Epithelium. And fliud

A

Simple columnar. Presminal

18
Q

Semen (4)

A

Sperm, secretory products, fluids,
100m sperm / ml. 3ml
Alkaline - neutralise acidic urethra + vagina
Prostaglandins
Zinc - stabilize dna chromatn
Prostaglandins (supress immune response)
Vit c, phosphosyrylcholine, fructose, liquifin,

19
Q

Prostate shape?

A

Chestnut like

20
Q 
Prostate secretes
Rich in?
Proteins can be used for?
The concretion?
How differ from thyroids?
A

Alkaline fluid - neutralised acidic ph of vagina
Rich in citric acids, proteolytic enzymes, liquifin -> coagulated sperm(semen) into vagina
Proteins: prostate specific antigen - detect cancer
Copora amylacea - also found neuroglia and pul alveoli
Epi, structure and mat of secretory uni. (Tubuloalveolar = prostate)

21
Q

Carcinoma of prostate

A

Peripheral - most cases of carcinoma
Transitional - around urethra/mantellar zone - benign hyperplasia
Central - resistance to carcinoma - aorund ejaculatory ducts

22
Q

Structure of prostate: capsule, glands and…

A

Fibromuscular capsule .
Tubuloalveolar - simple columnar, basal cell, sf, corpora amylacea
Occasionally psuedostrat

23
Q

Stroma of prostate

A

DCT, elastic fibres, sm cells

24
Q

Prostate secretion and lumen

A

Merocrine and apocrine

Irregular lumen

25
Q

Female genital system (5)

A

Gonads (ovary)
Genital tracts : fallopian tube, uterus, vagina
External genital tracts

26
Q

Genital tract (4)

A

Entry of oocyte into fallopian tube
Sperm into fallopian tube
Fertilisation - ovum into uterus
Implantation + development of ovum in mucosal lining of uterus

27
Q

Uterine tubes size?

A

12cm

28
Q

Uterine tubes site of? 4 parts? Lumen and sm

A

Site of fertilisation and cleavage of zygote
4 parts : infundibum, ampulla, isthmus, intramural portion - extends into uteric wall
Lumen decreases, increase in sm proportion (muscularis externa)

29
Q

Structure of uterine tube -

A 
Mod during ovarian cycle
Simple columnar - cilia
Secretory (non-cilia)
LP -> CT
SUBmucosa - lacking
Muscularis - 2 - inner circ, outer spiral
30
Q

Uterine tubes and hormones?

A

Oestrogen - cilia more abundant

Progesterone - cilia less abundant

31
Q

Uterus main structures?

A

Body, isthmus, cervix (supra and infra vaginal) portion

32
Q

Broad ligament subdivisions

A

Mesometrium - the mesentery of the uterus; the largest portion of the broad ligament
Mesosalpinx - the mesentery of the Fallopian tube
Mesovarium - the mesentery of the ovaries.

33
Q

Broad ligament contents. Reprod(2), vessels (2), ligaments (3)

A

Reproductive-Uterine tubes (or Fallopian tube),ovary
vessels-ovarian artery (in the suspensory ligament),uterine artery
ligaments-ovarian ligament,round ligament of uterus
suspensory ligament of the ovary

34
Q

Layer in broad ligament

A

Double

35
Q

Uterus peritoneum

A

Placed on uterus

36
Q

Intravaginal portion of cervix surround by?

A

Ant and post fornix

37
Q

Uterus isthmus, during pregnancy?

A

Passage from body to cervix.

Preg - elongated -> named = inf uterine segment

38
Q

Shape of uterus body

A

Triangle

39
Q

Lumen of uterus cervix

A

Folds that interdiginate

40
Q

Endometrium before ovulation which phase? What type of glands.
During menstration?

A

Proliferation phase, secretory phase.
Coiled tubular glands
Menstration - spiral artery - mod - contractin - breakdown -> menstratin

41
Q

Spiral arteries basics

A

Uterus - Spiral arteries - small arteries - temp blood - endometrium - luteal phase

42
Q

Spiral arteries - Converted uteroplacenta blood flow

A

Loss of smooth muscle & elastic lamina from the vessel wall.

5-10 fold dilation at the mouth of the vessel.

43
Q

Anteflexion and anteversion

A

Anteversion cervix and vagina - 90

Anyeflexion - body and cervix - 120-170

Histology (17 decks)

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