25 Respiratory

Question 1

ENTRANCE of nasal cavities which is lined with STRATIFIED SQUAMOUS KERATINIZED (skin) and then eventually is non-keratinized (inner regions)

Answer 1

Nasal Vestibule

Question 2

this type of mucosa is PSEUDOSTRATIFIED Cilated epithelium with goblet cells and ciliated cells

Answer 2

RESPIRATORY Mucosa

Question 3

this type of mucosa is apart of the roof of superior conchae
specialized pseudostratified epithelium and bipolar neurons
NONMOTILE CILIA
has bowmans glands = secreting serous fluid to flush and moisturize epithelium
Fila Olfactoria

Answer 3

OLFACTORY MUCOSA

Question 4

this is a cilia propelled mucocilary blanket towards the pharynx where secretions are swallowed or expectorated as sputum

Answer 4

MUCOCILIARY ESCALATOR

Question 5

olfactory receptor cells are also known as

Answer 5

BIPOLAR NEURONS

Question 6

unlike the respiratory system, the OLFACTORY EPITHELIUM has NO

Answer 6

GOBLET CELLS or MOTILE CILIA

Question 7

this serous gland produces a constant flow of fluid that cleanses the surface

Answer 7

BOWMANS glands

Question 8

The nasopharynx, larynx, trachea and bronchi are LINED by

Answer 8

RESPIRATORY MUCOSA

Question 9

The larynx contains

Answer 9

vocal cords which are lined by NON keratinzed stratified squamous

Question 10

Whats the difference between trachea and bronchi regarding the cartilage rings

Answer 10

Trachea – c shaped hyaline cartilage rings
Bronchi – INCOMPLETE cartilage rings and plates ISOLATED PIECES

Question 11

The bronchioles are lined by

Answer 11

simple columnar and cuboidal epithelium

Question 12

these cells have a NON-CILIATED DOME SHAPED SURFACE
function as STEM CELLS – add proteins to surfactant and metabolize some toxins
these cells are UNIQUE TO BROCHIOLES

Answer 12

CLUB (CLARA) cells

Question 13

Type 1 ALVEOLAR cells are identified as
Make up the epithelium if ALVEOLI

Answer 13

THIN SIMPLE SQUAMOUS cells

Question 14

TYPE 2 AVEOLAR CELLS are identified as

Answer 14

PLUMP CUBIODAL CELLS which secretes surgactant (phospholipids)

Question 15

RESPIRATORY AIRWAY flow =

Answer 15

RESPIRATORY BRONCHIOLE –> ALVEOLAR DUCT –> ALVEOLAR SAC

Question 16

Air/Blood Barrier means O2 from Air INTO blood
Flow Chart

Answer 16

surfactant –> type 1 cell –> fused basal lamina –> endothelial cell –> blood plasma –> erythrocyte cell membrane

Question 17

Blood/Air Barrie (CO2 FROM blood to AIR)

Answer 17

erthrocyte cell membrane –> blood plasma –> endothelial cells –> fused basal lamina –> type 1 cell –> surfactant

Question 18

moist oily film that coats surgace of alveoli and lowers surface tension – reducing force needed to expand the alveoli during inspiration and preventing their collapse after expiration
MADE OF phospholipiids with a small number of proteins

Answer 18

SURFACTANT

Question 19

The absence or deficiency of SURFACTANT results in and this is usually due to a lack of

Answer 19

COLLAPSE of ALVEOLI and BRONCHIOLES usually due to a lack of development of type 2 cells

Question 20

The primitive alveoli appear during week __ of development

Answer 20

weeks 28, but 95% development occurs after birth up to 8 years

Question 21

inflammation of bronchial mucosa, excessive mucus – thicker wall

Answer 21

CHRONIC BRONCHITIS

Question 22

permanent enlargement of alveolar air spaces

Answer 22

EMPHYSEMA

Question 23

two main disease entities of Chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD)

Answer 23

Chronic Bronchitis and Emphysema

Question 24

inflammatory disease with sudden reversible bronchospasm of smooth muscles in bronchioles and bronchi

Answer 24

ASTHMA

Question 25

this is a highly aggressive cancer derived from neuroendocrine cells in bronchi

Answer 25

SMALL CELL LUNG CARCINOMA

Question 26

this non small cell carcinoma has VARIABLE appearance but can grow in a GLANDULAR PATTERN along bronchioles

Answer 26

ADENOCARCINOMA –

Question 27

This non small cell carcinoma is usually by squamous cell metaplasia
continued exposure to toxins can lead to progression of dysplasia to squamous cell carcinoma in situ then to invasive

Answer 27

SQUAMOUS CELL CARINOMA