24 Integumentary

Question 1

This layer of the skin is made up of loose CT, adipose, subcutaneous fascia and is not officially part of the skin

Answer 1

HYPODERMIS

Question 2

Layers of the epidermis ** mnemonic**

Answer 2

Stratum Corneum
Stratum Lucidum
Stratum Granulosum
Stratum Spinosum
Stratum Basale

Come lets get some beers

Question 3

this layer of the skin is made up of dead bags of keratin

Answer 3

STRATUM CORNEUM

Question 4

this layer of skin is made up of clear anucleated cells,

ONLY PRESENT IN THICK SKIN

Answer 4

Corneum Lucidum

Question 5

This layer of skin is made up of flat cells with visible basophilic keratohyaline granules

Answer 5

Stratum granulosum

Question 6

this later of skin is the LARGEST layer, prickle cells with interdigitating processes linked by desmosomes with bundles of tonofilaments (keratin)

Answer 6

stratum spinosum

Question 7

this skin layer is a single layer, made up of miotic cells attached to the basement membrane and dermis CT by hemidesmosomes

Answer 7

STRATUM BASALE

Question 8

the main component of FILAGGRIN is

Answer 8

LAMELLAR BODIES

Question 9

Tonofilaments are

Answer 9

intermediate filaments = keratin filaments

Question 10

what links the cell membrane to basement membrane

Answer 10

hemidesmosomes

Question 11

What cell is the ANTIGEN PRESENTING CELL a type of dendritic cell in stratum spinosum of epidermis

Answer 11

LANGERHANS CELL

Question 12

What is the touch receptor epithelial cell found in the stratum basale in epidermis which sends signals to afferent and sensory nerves

Answer 12

MERKEL CELLS

Question 13

What layer of the epidermis are melanocytes found in? What membrane bound cell is a melanocyte in and then transferred to at the end of the cell process

Answer 13

Found in the stratum basale whose processes extend up into the spinosum
synthesize inside melansomes and then transferred to keratinocytes nearby

Question 14

this inflammatory disease with hyperproliferation and accelerated development of keratinocytes
immature cells containing their nuclei accumulate at the surface
stratum granulosum is lost resulting in poor water barrier
raised plaques with silver or white surfaces

Answer 14

PSORIASIS

Question 15

this is an autoimmune disease with antibodies to desmosomes.
results in separation and lysis of spinosum cells
fluid filled blisters form between basale and spinosum

Answer 15

PEMPHIGUS VULGARIS

Question 16

this autoimmune disease with antibodies to HEMIdesmosomes. blisters and separates the stratum basale from its basement membrane and dermis

Answer 16

BULLOUS PEMPHIGOID

Question 17

most common type of skin cancer resembles basale cells, rarely spreads

Answer 17

BASAL CELL CARCINOMA

Question 18

2nd most common skin cancer, atypical cells throughout epithelium, becomes invasive if not treated, often preceded by actinic keratosis

Answer 18

SQUAMOUS CELL CARCINOMA (CUTANEOUS)

Question 19

highly agrressive neoplasm from melanocytes

Answer 19

MELANOMA

Question 20

rare aggressive form of skin cancer, allegedly from Merkel Cells

Answer 20

Merkel Cell Carcinoma

Question 21

What are the two layers of the DERMIS

Answer 21

papillary and reticular

Question 22

this layer has dense irregular connective tissue which can contain hair follicles, arrector pili muscle, sebaceous and sweat glands, nerves and nerve endings, blood vessels and numerous ateriovenous shunts

Answer 22

reticular layer of dermis

Question 23

this type of secretion releases product with little to no loss of cytoplasm
common sweat glands

Answer 23

ECCRINE

Question 24

simple branched alveolar glands empties oily sebum into hair follicle
holocrine
stimulated by steroids and adrogens
pimples and acnes

Answer 24

SEBACEOUS GLANDS

Question 25

this portion of the hair contains dead cells with keratin
analogous to stratum corneum

Answer 25

HAIR SHAFT

Question 26

this portion of hair is under skin surface,
surrounds CT (inside to outside): Internal Sheath – External Sheath – CT sheath

Answer 26

Hair Follicle

Question 27

this part of the hair is the proximal origin of hair, made of hair matrix in dermal papilla (source of innervations and vascular supply into hair bulb)

Answer 27

hair bulb

Question 28

skin transition into nail (above nail)

Answer 28

EPONUCHIUM – CUTICLE

Question 29

transition of free edge of nail plate into distal phalanx (under the nail)

Answer 29

HYPONYCHIUM

Question 30

light white crescent moon shape in prximal nail – nail matrix thickening

Answer 30

LUNULA