24 Integumentary Flashcards
This layer of the skin is made up of loose CT, adipose, subcutaneous fascia and is not officially part of the skin
HYPODERMIS
Layers of the epidermis ** mnemonic**
Stratum Corneum
Stratum Lucidum
Stratum Granulosum
Stratum Spinosum
Stratum Basale
Come lets get some beers
this layer of the skin is made up of dead bags of keratin
STRATUM CORNEUM
this layer of skin is made up of clear anucleated cells,
ONLY PRESENT IN THICK SKIN
Corneum Lucidum
This layer of skin is made up of flat cells with visible basophilic keratohyaline granules
Stratum granulosum
this later of skin is the LARGEST layer, prickle cells with interdigitating processes linked by desmosomes with bundles of tonofilaments (keratin)
stratum spinosum
this skin layer is a single layer, made up of miotic cells attached to the basement membrane and dermis CT by hemidesmosomes
STRATUM BASALE
the main component of FILAGGRIN is
LAMELLAR BODIES
Tonofilaments are
intermediate filaments = keratin filaments
what links the cell membrane to basement membrane
hemidesmosomes
What cell is the ANTIGEN PRESENTING CELL a type of dendritic cell in stratum spinosum of epidermis
LANGERHANS CELL
What is the touch receptor epithelial cell found in the stratum basale in epidermis which sends signals to afferent and sensory nerves
MERKEL CELLS
What layer of the epidermis are melanocytes found in? What membrane bound cell is a melanocyte in and then transferred to at the end of the cell process
Found in the stratum basale whose processes extend up into the spinosum
synthesize inside melansomes and then transferred to keratinocytes nearby
this inflammatory disease with hyperproliferation and accelerated development of keratinocytes
immature cells containing their nuclei accumulate at the surface
stratum granulosum is lost resulting in poor water barrier
raised plaques with silver or white surfaces
PSORIASIS
this is an autoimmune disease with antibodies to desmosomes.
results in separation and lysis of spinosum cells
fluid filled blisters form between basale and spinosum
PEMPHIGUS VULGARIS
this autoimmune disease with antibodies to HEMIdesmosomes. blisters and separates the stratum basale from its basement membrane and dermis
BULLOUS PEMPHIGOID
most common type of skin cancer resembles basale cells, rarely spreads
BASAL CELL CARCINOMA
2nd most common skin cancer, atypical cells throughout epithelium, becomes invasive if not treated, often preceded by actinic keratosis
SQUAMOUS CELL CARCINOMA (CUTANEOUS)
highly agrressive neoplasm from melanocytes
MELANOMA
rare aggressive form of skin cancer, allegedly from Merkel Cells
Merkel Cell Carcinoma
What are the two layers of the DERMIS
papillary and reticular
this layer has dense irregular connective tissue which can contain hair follicles, arrector pili muscle, sebaceous and sweat glands, nerves and nerve endings, blood vessels and numerous ateriovenous shunts
reticular layer of dermis
this type of secretion releases product with little to no loss of cytoplasm
common sweat glands
ECCRINE
simple branched alveolar glands empties oily sebum into hair follicle
holocrine
stimulated by steroids and adrogens
pimples and acnes
SEBACEOUS GLANDS
this portion of the hair contains dead cells with keratin
analogous to stratum corneum
HAIR SHAFT
this portion of hair is under skin surface,
surrounds CT (inside to outside): Internal Sheath – External Sheath – CT sheath
Hair Follicle
this part of the hair is the proximal origin of hair, made of hair matrix in dermal papilla (source of innervations and vascular supply into hair bulb)
hair bulb
skin transition into nail (above nail)
EPONUCHIUM – CUTICLE
transition of free edge of nail plate into distal phalanx (under the nail)
HYPONYCHIUM
light white crescent moon shape in prximal nail – nail matrix thickening
LUNULA
