Brainscape's Knowledge GenomeTM

Browse over 1 million classes created by top students, professors, publishers, and experts.


See full index

Histo Final > 20 > Flashcards

20 Flashcards

1
Q

The Oral Mucosa is divided into 3 parts

A

Masticatory
Lining
Specialized

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
2
Q

This mucousa divison overlies the bone, made up of stratified squamous epithelium (kertainzed and parakertainized), CT and bone

A

Masticatory Mucosa

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
3
Q

This mucosa division lines soft things, made up of stratified squamous non kertainzed, CT, Glands and Skeletal muscle

A

Lining Mucosa

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
4
Q

This mucosa layer lines the dorsal 2/3 of the tongue. Made up of lining mucosa, papillae and taste buds

A

Specialized Mucosa

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
5
Q

How many papillae types are present on the tongue and name them

A

4 types:
Fungiform, Circumvallate, Filiform, and Foilate papillae

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
6
Q

What is a unique feature of the tongue

A

has skeletal muscle in 3 planes of orientation

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
7
Q

apart of the mucosa, highly cellular connective tissue (usually loose) may contain glands

A

Lamina Propria

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
8
Q

apart of the mucosa, thin layer of smooth muscle, present from esophagus to anal canal

A

Muscularis Mucosae

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
9
Q

apart of the digestive tract structure, loose CT containing large blood vessels and nerves, and sometimes glands may be present

also contains Meissners Nerve plexus – involved in gland secretion

A

SubMucosa

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
10
Q

apart of the digestive tract structure, smooth muscle layers, arranged in an inner circular and an outer longitudinal layer

contains auerbachs nerve plexus – regulates smooth muscle contraction (motility)

A

Muscularis Externae

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
11
Q

the outermost part of the digestive tract structure made up of CT and simple squamous epithelium

A

Adventitia and Serosa

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
12
Q

This is identified by its stratified squamous epithelium (nonkertainzed) with a muscularis mucosa

A

ESOPHAGUS

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
13
Q

Unique muscle structure of esophagus

A

first 1/3 = skeltal muscle (voluntary swallow
middle 1/3 mix of skeltal and smooth
last 1/3 smooth muscle = automatic swallowiong

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
14
Q

Esophageal Varices are due to

A

long standing portal hypertension
dilated tortuous veins in the submucosa and mucosa of esophage

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
15
Q

This pathology of the esophagus is due to a complication of chronic acid reflux
Distal esophageal cells undergo a metaplastic change from stratified squamous to simple columnar epithelium
cells can become dysplastic

A

BARRETS esophagus

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
16
Q

the stomach has longitudal folds of mucosa and submucosa which usually disappear when stomach is full =

A

RUGAE

17
Q

What are the 3 regions the stomach is divided into and what is the division based on

A

Based on type of glands
Cardiac = secretes mucous
Fundic or Gastric = secrete acid/digestive enzymes
Pyloric secrete mucus

18
Q

3 cell types in the fundic/gastric gland of esophagus

A

Parietal cells – secrete HCl and intrinsic factor (acidophilic)
Chief Cells – secrete pepsinogen – acidophillic
Enterorendocrine cells = hiiden, neutral crest dervived cells, endocrine/paracrine secreting cells

19
Q

Cells present in Pyloric Gland

A

Mucuous cells and enteroendocrine

20
Q

if you see simple columnar next to stratified squamous epithelium of esophagus THINK

A

CARDIAC STOMACH

21
Q

if you see flat top with NO VILLI
simple columnar epithelium with clear mucus secreting cells that are NOT goblet cells
many small mucosal glands extending down into lamina propria CT

ID =

A

Stomach ID

22
Q

if you see simple columnar colorful fun glands with parietal, cheif cells filling the mucosa
THE ID =

A

fundic stomach

23
Q

if you se simple columnar, no goblets
Pits are long
slight difference in appearance of gland cells from surface and pit cells
ID =

A

pyloric stomach

24
Q

this pathology is defined as a breach in the mucosa extending through the various stomach layers
most common in the stomach and duodenum where large amounts of acid are present

A

STOMACH ULCER

25
Q

this stomach pathology is inflammation of the stomach mucosa

A

GASTRITIS

26
Q

Modifications of small intestine to INC surface area for absoprtion (4)

A

Plicae Virculares = permanent folds of mucosa and submucosa
Villi = fingerlike projections
Crypts of Lieberkuhn = intestinal glands – downward invaginations continous with villi in mucosa
Microvilli = striated border

27
Q

Brunner Glands are found where and do what

A

in the duodenum in submucosa and help neutralize acidic chyme

28
Q

Where are peyers patches found and what are they

A

in the ilieum and are lymph nodes

29
Q

these cells found in the small intestine secrete lysozyme antibacterial (acidophilic)

A

PANETH cells in CRYPTS

30
Q

an atrophy or reduction in the number of vili present in small intestines causes this small intestine pathology =

A

MALABSORPTION syndromes

31
Q

chronic idiopathic inflammatory (skin lesions) bowel disease that typically affects illeum or colon
thickened rigid wall and narrow lumen

A

Crohns disease

32
Q

remenant of vitelline duct = connection of yolk sac to midgut –> illeum results in bleeding obstruction and perforation

A

meckels diverticulum

33
Q

if you see flat top with glands – no paneth cells
simple columnar epithellium with many goblet cells

the ID =

A

large intestine

34
Q

part of large intestine
3 bands of outer longitudinal muscle layers

A

taenia coli

35
Q

histological transition from rectum of large intestine to anal canal to anus

A

simple columnar epithelium –> stratified squamous nonkertainized –> kertainized

36
Q

uncommon tumor from neural crest – secretes serotonin, gastric, SST, histamine

A

Carcinoid Tumors – appendix pathology

37
Q

chronic idiopathic inflammatory bowel disease of mucosa and submucosa in colon and rectum
paneth cells appear in crypts (usually only present in small intestine)
abscesses form in crypts –> mucosa destroyed –> does not reform completely …

A

ULCERATIVE COLITIS – can lead to colon cancer

38
Q

obstruction of blood flow to large and small intestine
1-4 days later –> intestinal bacteria –> gangrene and perforation of bowel

A

ischemic bowel disease

39
Q

loss of enteric neurons in a section of colin

A

toxic megacolon = hirschsprungs disease
can lead to gangrene and obstruction

Histo Final (13 decks)

Brainscape helps you reach your goals faster, through stronger study habits.
© 2024 Bold Learning Solutions. Terms and Conditions