2.2 Molecules and Compounds Flashcards

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1
Q

What is a molecule?

A

formed when two or more atoms covalently bond together

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2
Q

What is a compound?

A

when atoms of two or more different elements bond together

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3
Q

What is an ion?

A

particles that are negatively or positively charged due to an electron transfer between atoms

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4
Q

What is an ionic bond?

A

the attraction between negatively and positively charged ions

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5
Q

What is a covalent bond?

A

when two atoms share electrons

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6
Q

What are the 3D shapes of molecules related to?

A

the structural and functional roles they play in organisms

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7
Q

What is a nonpolar covalent bond?

A

when the sharing of electrons between two atoms is fairly equal in a covalent bond

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8
Q

What is electronegativity?

A

the attraction of an atom for the electrons in a covalent bond

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9
Q

Why is water a polar molecule?

A

the shared pair of electrons spends more time around the nucleus of the oxygen atom than the hydrogen atoms because it is more electronegative

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10
Q

What is a polar covalent bond?

A

the unequal sharing of electrons in a covalent bond

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11
Q

What is a hydrogen bond?

A

a weak bond between hydrogen atoms and other atoms within the same molecule or between different molecules

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12
Q

What do hydrogen bonds between cellular molecules do?

A

help maintain their proper structure and function

ie. when DNA replicates, hydrogen bonds break easily, but they also add stability to the DNA molecule

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